Editing Tenebrae (section)

==== Table illustrating the contents of the service ====

The 1 November 1911 [[reform of the Roman Breviary by Pope Pius X]] radically reorganized the weekly recitation of the Psalter. In the Tridentine [[Roman Breviary]] of [[Pope Pius V]] (1568), Psalms 62/63 and 66/67 (treated as a single unit) and Psalms 148–150 (again treated as a single unit) were recited at lauds every day of the week. Pius X eliminated such repetitions and provided a quite different choice of psalms for lauds.

The situation before the 1911 reform is illustrated in 19th-century publications such as [[Prosper Guéranger]]'s ''Passiontide and Holy Week'', (Dublin 1870)<ref name="Guéranger1870"/> and ''The Complete Office of Holy Week According to the Roman Missal and Breviary, in Latin and English'' (Benziger 1875).<ref name="Benzinger1875"/> It is more difficult to find similar online 20th-century publication, but the text of the Tenebrae services as reformed by Pope Pius X in 1911 is available in the 1924 edition of the ''[[Liber Usualis]]''.<ref>[http://www.lakewoodsound.com/quilisma/pdf_files/liber_seasonal/13_triduum_maundy_thursday_tenebrae.pdf 1924 Liber Usualis, with modern musical notation]</ref> The 1961 edition, with English rubrics and explanations, is available on more than one site.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/TheLiberUsualis1961/page/n771 Liber Usualis 1961 edition on archive.org] and [https://sanctamissa.org/en/music/gregorian-chant/choir/liber-usualis-1961.pdf on sanctamissa.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217002346/https://sanctamissa.org/en/music/gregorian-chant/choir/liber-usualis-1961.pdf |date=2020-02-17 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| rowspan="3" | (note: Psalm numbering<br>as in the [[Vulgate]])
! Maundy Thursday
! Good Friday
! Holy Saturday
! Practices
|-
! colspan="3" style="background: #ffdead;" | Matins
|-
! colspan="3" | First Nocturn (readings from the [[Book of Lamentations|Lamentations of Jeremiah]])
|-
| [[Antiphon]]
| Zelus domus
| Astiterunt reges terrae
| In pace
|-
! Psalm
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#68:1|Psalm 68]] ({{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|68|63}}}})
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#2:1|Psalm 2]] ({{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|2|63}}}})
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#4:1|Psalm 4]] ({{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|4|63}}}})
| 1st candle extinguished at end<ref name=Herdt/>
|-
| Antiphon
| Avertantur retrorsum
| Diviserunt sibi
| Habitabit in tabernaculo
|-
! Psalm
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#69:1|Psalm 69]] ({{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|69|63}}}})
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#21:1|Psalm 21]] ({{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|21|63}}}})
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#14:1|Psalm 14]] ({{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|14|63}}}})
| 2nd candle extinguished
|-
| Antiphon
| Deus meus eripe me
| Insurrexerunt in me
| Caro mea
|-
! Psalm
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#70:1|Psalm 70]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|70|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#26:1|Psalm 26]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|26|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#15:1|Psalm 15]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|15|63}}}}</ref>
| 3rd candle extinguished at end
|-
| [[Versicle]]
| Avertantur retrorsum
| Diviserunt sibi
| In pace in idipsum
|-
|
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | [[Lord's Prayer|Our Father]] (silent)
|-
| 1st reading
|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Lamentations|1:1–1:5|63}}}}
|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Lamentations|2:8–2:11|63}}}}
|{{nowrap|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Lamentations|3:22–3:30|63}}}}}}
|-
| 1st responsory
| [[In monte Oliveti]]
| [[Omnes amici mei]]
| [[Sicut ovis]]
|-
| 2nd reading
|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Lamentations|1:6–1:9|63}}}}
|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Lamentations|2:12–2:15|63}}}}
|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Lamentations|4:1–4:6|63}}}}
|-
| 2nd responsory
| [[Tristis est anima mea (responsory)|Tristis est anima mea]]
| [[Velum templi]]
| [[Jerusalem surge]]
|-
| 3rd reading
|{{nowrap|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Lamentations|1:10–1:14|63}}}}}}
|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Lamentations|3:1–3:9|63}}}}
|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Lamentations|5:1–5:11|63}}}}
|-
| 3rd&nbsp;responsory
| [[Ecce vidimus]]
| [[Vinea mea]]
| [[Plange quasi virgo]]
|-
|
! colspan="3" | Second Nocturn (readings from [[Saint Augustine]]'s ''Commentaries on the Psalms'')
|-
| Antiphon
| Liberavit Dominus
| Vim faciebant
| Elevamini
|-
! Psalm
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#71:1|Psalm 71]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|71|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#37:1|Psalm 37]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|37|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#23:1|Psalm 23]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|23|63}}}}</ref>
| 4th candle extinguished at end
|-
| Antiphon
| Cogitaverunt impii
| Confundantur
| Credo videre
|-
! Psalm
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#72:1|Psalm 72]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|72|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#39:1|Psalm 39]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|39|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#26:1|Psalm 26]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|26|63}}}}</ref>
| 5th candle extinguished at end
|-
| Antiphon
| Exsurge, Domine
| Alieni insurrexerunt
| Domine, abstraxisti
|-
! Psalm
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#73:1|Psalm 73]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|73|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#53:1|Psalm 53]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|53|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#29:1|Psalm 29]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|29|63}}}}</ref>
| 6th candle extinguished at end
|-
| Versicle
| Deus meus, eripe me
| Insurrexerunt in me
| Tu autem
|-
|
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | Our Father (silent)
|-
| 4th reading
| from ''Comm. on [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#54:1|Psalm 54]]''<ref name=Aug54>[http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/1801055.htm Augustine, ''Exposition on Psalm 55'']</ref>
| colspan="2" | from ''Commentary on [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#63:1|Psalm 63]]''<ref name=Aug63>[http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/1801064.htm Augustine, ''Exposition on Psalm 64'']</ref>
|-
| 4th responsory
| [[Amicus meus]]
| [[Tamquam ad latronem]]
| [[Recessit pastor noster]]
|-
| 5th reading
| from ''Comm. on [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#54:1|Psalm 54]]''<ref name=Aug54/>
| colspan="2" | from ''Commentary on [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#63:1|Psalm 63]]''<ref name=Aug63/>
|-
| 5th responsory
| [[Judas mercator pessimus]]
| [[Tenebrae factae sunt]]
| [[O vos omnes]]
|-
| 6th reading
| from ''Comm. on [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#54:1|Psalm 54]]''<ref name=Aug54/>
| colspan="2" | from ''Commentary on [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#63:1|Psalm 63]]''<ref name=Aug63/>
|-
| 6th responsory
| [[Unus ex discipulis]]
| [[Animam meam dilectam]]
| [[Ecce quomodo]]
|-
|
! colspan="3" | Third Nocturn (readings from two [[New Testament epistles]])
|-
| Antiphon
| Dixi iniquis
| Ab insurgentibus
| Deus adjuvat me
|-
! Psalm
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#74:1|Psalm 74]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|74|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#58:1|Psalm 58]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|58|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#53:1|Psalm 53]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|53|63}}}}</ref>
| 7th candle extinguished at end
|-
| Antiphon
| Terra tremuit
| Longe fecisti
| In pace factus
|-
! Psalm
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#75:1|Psalm 75]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|75|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#87:1|Psalm 87]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|87|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#75:1|Psalm 75]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|75|63}}}}</ref>
| 8th candle extinguished at end
|-
| Antiphon
| In die tribulationis
| Captabunt
| Factus sum
|-
! Psalm
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#76:1|Psalm 76]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|76|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#93:1|Psalm 93]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|93|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#87:1|Psalm 87]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|87|63}}}}</ref>
| 9th candle extinguished at end
|-
| Versicle
| Exsurge, Domine
| {{nowrap|Locuti sunt adversum me}}
| In pace factus est
|-
|
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | Our Father (silent)
|-
| 7th reading
|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|1 Corinthians|11:17–11:22|63}}}}
|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Hebrews|4:11–4:15|63}}}}
|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Hebrews|9:11–9:14|63}}}}
|-
| 7th responsory
| [[Eram quasi agnus innocens]]
| [[Tradiderunt me]]
| [[Astiterunt reges terrae]]
|-
| 8th reading
|{{nowrap|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|1 Corinthians|11:23–11:26|63}}}}}}
|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Hebrews|4:16–5:3|63}}}}
|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Hebrews|9:15–9:18|63}}}}
|-
| 8th responsory
| [[Una hora]]
| [[Jesum tradidit]]
| [[Aestimatus sum]]
|-
| 9th reading
|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|1 Corinthians|11:27–11:34|63}}}}
|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Hebrews|5:4–5:10|63}}}}
|{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Hebrews|9:19–9:22|63}}}}
|-
| 9th responsory
| [[Seniores populi]]
| [[Caligaverunt oculi mei]]
| [[Sepulto Domino]]
|-
|
! colspan="3" style="background: #ffdead;" | Lauds
|-
| Antiphon
| Justificeris, Domine
| Proprio Filio
| O mors
|-
! Psalm
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#50:1|Psalm 50]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|50|63}}}}</ref> ([[Psalm 51|Miserere]])
| 10th candle extinguished at end
|-
| Antiphon
| Dominus tamquam ovis
| Anxiatus est
| Plangent eum
|-
! Psalm
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#89:1|Psalm 89]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|89|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#142:1|Psalm 142]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|142|63}}}}</ref>
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#91:1|Psalm 91]]<ref>{{Bibleverse|Psalm|91|63}}</ref> (pre-1912)<br>Psalm 91<ref>{{Bibleverse|Psalm|91|63}}</ref> (from 1912)

| 11th candle extinguished at end
|-
| Antiphon
| Contritum est cor meum
| Ait latro ad latronem
| Attendite
|-
! Psalm
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#62:1|Psalms 62]]+[[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#66:1|66]]<ref name=Pss62+66>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|62|63}}}}+{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|66|63}}}}</ref> (pre-1912)<br>[[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#35:1|Psalm 35]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|35|63}}}}</ref> (from 1912)
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#62:1|Psalms 62]]+[[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#66:1|66]]<ref name=Pss62+66/> (pre-1912)<br>[[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#84:1|Psalm 84]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|84|63}}}}</ref> (from 1912)
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#62:1|Psalms 62]]+[[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#66:1|66]]<ref name=Pss62+66/> (pre-1912)<br>[[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#63:1|Psalm 63]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|63|63}}}}</ref> (from 1912)
| 12th candle extinguished at end
|-
| Antiphon
| Exhortatus es
| Dum conturbata
| A porta inferi
|-
! [[Old Testament]]<br>[[canticle]]
| [[Canticle of Moses]]<br>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Exodus|15:1–15:18|63}}}}
| Canticle of [[Habakkuk|Habacuc]]<br>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Habakkuk|3:2–3:19|63}}}}
| Canticle of [[Hezekiah|Ezechias]]<br>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Isaiah|38:10–38:20|63}}}}
| 13th candle extinguished at end
|-
| Antiphon
| Oblatus est
| Memento mei
| O vos omnes qui transitis
|-
! Psalm
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#148:1|Psalms 148]]+[[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#149:1|149]]+[[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#150:1|150]]<ref name=Pss148-150>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|148–150|63}}}}</ref> (pre-1912)<br>[[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#146:1|Psalm 146]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|146|63}}}}</ref> (from 1912)
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#148:1|Psalms 148]]+[[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#149:1|149]]+[[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#150:1|150]]<ref name=Pss148-150/> (pre-1912)<br>[[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#147:1|Psalm 147]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|147|63}}}}</ref> (from 1912)
| [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#148:1|Psalms 148]]+[[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#149:1|149]]+[[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#150:1|150]]<ref name=Pss148-150/> (pre-1912)<br>[[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#150:1|Psalm 150]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|150|63}}}}</ref> (from 1912)
| 14th candle extinguished at end
|-
| Versicle
| Homo pacis meae
| Collocavit me
| Caro mea
|-
| Antiphon
| Traditor autem
| Posuerunt super caput
| Mulieres sedentes
|-
! [[Benedictus (Song of Zechariah)|Benedictus]]
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | [[Canticle of Zachary]]<br> {{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Luke|1:68–1:79|63}}}}
| Altar candles extinguished at<br>different verses of Benedictus;<br>Last burning candle hidden<br>after repeat of antiphon
|-
|
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | [[Christus factus est]] (based on {{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Philippians|2:8–2:9|63}}}})
|-
|
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | Our Father (silent)
|-
|
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | [[s:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Psalmi#50:1|Psalm 50]]<ref>{{lang|en|{{Bibleverse|Psalm|50|63}}}}</ref> ([[Psalm 51|Miserere]]), omitted after 1955<ref>Breviarium Romanum 1981 (totum), pp. 501, 512, 521</ref><ref>[http://www.musicasacra.com/pdf/liberusualis.pdf Liber Usualis 1981, p. 660, also referenced on pp. 719, 776C]</ref>
|
|-
! Prayer
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | Respice quaesumus
| Followed by ''strepitus'';<br>last candle brought back
|-
|}