Open main menu
Home
Random
Recent changes
Special pages
Community portal
Preferences
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Incubator escapee wiki
Search
User menu
Talk
Dark mode
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Editing
Teplice
(section)
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
==History== [[File:(TTO) Kašna se sochou Madony (Teplice) 3.jpg|thumb|Fountain and the city hall]] [[File:(TTO) Teplický zámek - Teplice 517-14 B.jpg|thumb|Teplice Castle]] According to the 1541 ''Annales Bohemorum'' by chronicler [[Wenceslaus Hajek]], the [[Hot spring|thermal springs]] are fabled to have been discovered as early as 762; however, the first authentic mention of the baths occurred in the 16th century. The settlement of Trnovany was first documented in a 1057 deed, while Teplice proper was first mentioned in 1154, when [[Judith of Thuringia]], queen consort of King [[Vladislaus II, Duke and King of Bohemia|Vladislaus II of Bohemia]], founded a [[Order of Saint Benedict|Benedictine]] convent near the hot springs, the second in [[Duchy of Bohemia|Bohemia]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Historie|url=https://www.lazneteplice.cz/stays-category/historie#rok-1154-kralovna-judita-zaklada-v-teplicich-prvni-ceske-lazne|publisher=Lázně Teplice|language=cs|access-date=2021-11-25}}</ref> A fortified town arose around the monastery, which was destroyed in the course of the [[Hussite Wars]] after the 1426 [[Battle of Aussig]]. In the late 15th century, queen consort [[Joanna of Rožmitál]], wife of King [[George of Poděbrady]], had a castle erected on the ruins. Teplice figures in the history of the [[Thirty Years' War]], when it was a possession of the [[Protestant]] Bohemian noble [[Vilém Kinský]], who was assassinated together with Generalissimo [[Albrecht von Wallenstein]] in [[Cheb]] in 1634. The [[House of Habsburg|Habsburg]] emperor [[Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor|Ferdinand II]] thereafter enfeoffed castle and town to his general [[Johann von Aldringen]], who nevertheless was killed in battle in the same year, and Teplice fell to his sister Anna Maria von Clary-Aldringen. Consequently, and until 1945, Teplice Castle was the primarily seat of the [[List of princes of Austria-Hungary|princely]] House of [[Clary und Aldringen|Clary-Aldringen]]. After the [[Thirty Years' War]], the devastated town was the destination of many German settlers. After a blaze in 1793, large parts of the town were rebuilt in a [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical]] style. The health resort was a popular venue for wealthy bourgeois like the poet [[Johann Gottfried Seume]], who died on his stay in 1810, or [[Ludwig van Beethoven]], who met here with [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] in 1812; as well as for European monarchs. During the Napoleonic [[War of the Sixth Coalition]], Teplice in August 1813 was the site where Emperor [[Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor|Francis I of Austria]], Emperor [[Alexander I of Russia]] and King [[Frederick William III of Prussia]] first signed the triple alliance against [[Napoleon]] that led to the coalition victory at the nearby [[Battle of Kulm]]. In 1895, Teplice merged with neighbouring Lázně Šanov (''Schönau''). Upon the dissolution of [[Austria-Hungary]] after [[World War I]] and the 1919 [[Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)|Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye]], the predominantly [[Sudeten Germans|German]]-speaking population found itself in newly established [[Czechoslovakia]]. According to the 1930 census there were 30 799 people living in the city (5,232 persons of Czechoslovak ethnicity, 12 persons of Hungarian ethnicity, 23,127 persons of German ethnicity and 667 of Jewish ethnicity).<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fidler|first1=Jiří|last2=Sluka|first2=Václav|title=Encyklopedie branné moci Republiky Československé|year=2006|publisher=Libri|language=cs|isbn=80-7277-256-2}}</ref> Right-wing political groups like the [[German National Socialist Workers' Party (Czechoslovakia)|German National Socialist Worker's Party]] referred to themselves as ''[[Volksdeutsche]]'' and began to urge for a unification with Germany, their efforts laid the foundation for the rise of the [[Sudeten German Party]] under [[Konrad Henlein]] after 1933. In 1938, Teplice was annexed by [[Nazi Germany]] according to the 1938 [[Munich Agreement]] and was administered as part of the [[Reichsgau Sudetenland]]. In 1930, 3,213 Jews lived in Teplice, 10% of the population. Under the Nazi regime they faced [[the Holocaust in the Sudetenland]]. Many fled and the Teplice Synagogue was burnt during [[Kristallnacht]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Osterloh|first=Jörg|editor1-last=Gruner|editor1-first=Wolf|editor2-last=Osterloh|editor2-first=Jörg|translator-last=Heise|translator-first=Bernard|title=The Greater German Reich and the Jews: Nazi Persecution Policies in the Annexed Territories 1935–1945|date=2015|location=New York|series=War and Genocide|publisher=Berghahn Books|isbn=978-1-78238-444-1|pages=68–98|chapter=Sudetenland}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Kocourek|first=Ludomír|title=Das Schicksal der Juden im Sudetengau im Licht der erhaltenen Quellen|trans-title=The Fate of the Jews in Sudetengau in Light of the Surviving Sources|journal=Theresienstädter Studien und Dokumente|date=1997|issue=4|pages=86–104|id={{CEEOL|155844}}|language=de}}</ref> [[File:Památník letců na Doubravce.JPG|thumb|150px|Memorial to fallen pilots of the 15th division of the US Air Force]] After [[World War II]], the Czechoslovak government enacted the [[Beneš decrees]], whereafter the German-speaking majority of the population was [[Expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia|expelled]] from Teplice. In 1945, the Princes of Clary-Aldringen, lords of Teplice since 1634, were [[expropriation|expropriated]]. In 1994, [[Jaroslav Kubera]] of the [[Civic Democratic Party (Czech Republic)|ODS]] became mayor of Teplice and he held the position until 2018.
Edit summary
(Briefly describe your changes)
By publishing changes, you agree to the
Terms of Use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 4.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)