Editing Term limit (section)

=== Latin America ===
As the countries of [[Latin America]] modeled presidential republics after the government of the United States in the 19th century, they established term limits for their presidents based on the two-term precedent of the United States. However, the implementation of legislative term limits in Latin America, while intended to foster elite renewal, occurs in a region already characterized by exceptionally high rates of legislative turnover (around 70% on average between 1985 and 2023), significantly higher than in Europe and other democratic regions.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kouba |first=Karel |last2=Weiss |first2=Michael |date=2025-03-07 |title=Legislative Turnover in Latin America: Introducing a New Dataset and Analyzing Its Temporal Dynamics |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/latin-american-politics-and-society/article/legislative-turnover-in-latin-america-introducing-a-new-dataset-and-analyzing-its-temporal-dynamics/1B49BF322BD05C816D98CF1B5476039D |journal=Latin American Politics and Society |language=en |pages=1–16 |doi=10.1017/lap.2024.56 |issn=1531-426X|url-access=subscription }}</ref> In response to presidents overstaying their term, some of these term limits were eventually replaced by a limit of one term without reelection.{{Sfn|Baturo|2014|pp=25-27}}

In Mexico, [[Porfirio Díaz]] evaded term limits, running for eight terms before being forced into exile in 1911. A new constitution in 1917 established a one term limit. After [[Álvaro Obregón]] violated this law and ran for a second term, he was assassinated.{{Sfn|Baturo|2014|pp=28-29}} Currently, members of the [[Congress of Mexico]] cannot be reelected consecutively under article 50 and 59 of the [[Constitution of Mexico]], and the [[President of Mexico]] is limited to a single six-year term, called the [[Sexenio (Mexico)|sexenio]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}}

The [[President of Argentina]] was limited to one consecutive six-year term, but the [[Constitution of Argentina]] was amended in 1994, loosening the term limit to a maximum of two consecutive four-year terms.{{Citation needed|date=April 2022}}

In 1997, the [[Constitution of Brazil]] was amended, loosening the term limit for the [[President of Brazil]] from one five-year term to two four-year terms.{{Citation needed|date=April 2022}}

In 2004, the term limit for the [[President of Colombia]] was increased from one term to two terms before reverting to one term in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Forero |first=Javier |date=2021-03-25 |title=¿Cuántas veces se puede reelegir un Presidente en Colombia? |url=https://www.eltiempo.com/politica/gobierno/cuantas-veces-se-puede-reelegir-un-presidente-en-colombia-576108 |access-date=2025-01-19 |website=El Tiempo |language=spanish}}</ref>

The [[2009 Venezuelan constitutional referendum]] abolished term limits in Venezuela.<ref name="BBC 16/2">{{cite news |date=16 February 2009 |title=Venezuelan leader wins key reform |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7891856.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221223059/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/7891856.stm |archive-date=21 February 2009 |access-date=16 February 2009 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref>

A 2024 study found that Costa Rica’s new mayoral term limits modestly increased competition but had little impact on turnout.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kouba |first=Karel |date=2024-07-01 |title=Understanding the effect of term limits on voter turnout: Evidence from a quasi-experiment in Costa Rica based on a registered report |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/20531680241266899 |journal=Research & Politics |language=EN |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=20531680241266899 |doi=10.1177/20531680241266899 |issn=2053-1680|doi-access=free }}</ref>