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===Etymology=== The word "stearn" was used for these birds in [[Old English]] as early as the eighth century, and appears in the poem ''[[The Seafarer (poem)|The Seafarer]]'', written in the ninth century or earlier. Variants such as "tearn" occurred by the eleventh century, although the older form lingered on in [[Norfolk dialect]] for several centuries.<ref name = hume12>Hume (1993) pp. 12–13.</ref> As now, the term was used for the inland [[black tern]] as well as the marine species.<ref name= job365>Jobling (2010) p. 365.</ref><ref name= lock>Lockwood (1984) pp. 147, 153.</ref> Some authorities consider "tearn" and similar forms to be variants of "stearn",<ref name = hume12/> while others derive the English words from Scandinavian equivalents such as Danish and Norwegian ''terne'' or Swedish ''tärna'', and ultimately from [[Old Norse]] ''þerna''.<ref name=OED1>{{Cite OED |Tern}}</ref><ref>Merriam-Webster (2014)</ref> Linnaeus adopted "stearn" or "sterna" (which the naturalist [[William Turner (naturalist)|William Turner]] had used in 1544 as a Latinisation of an English word, presumably "stern", for the black tern)<ref name=OED2>{{Cite OED |Sterna}}</ref><ref name=Turner78>Turner (1544), p. 78.</ref> or a [[North Germanic languages|North Germanic]] equivalent for his genus name ''Sterna''.<ref name = linn155>Linnaeus (1758) p. 155.</ref> All of these names are ultimately [[onomatopoea|onomatopoeic]], derived from the bird's calls.<ref name= lock/>
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