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Tironian notes
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===Controversy=== [[Dio Cassius]] attributes the invention of shorthand to [[Gaius Maecenas|Maecenas]], and states that he employed his freedman Aquila in teaching the system to numerous others.<ref>Dio Cassius. ''Roman History''. 55.7.6</ref> [[Isidore of Seville]], however, details another version of the early history of the system, ascribing the invention of the art to [[Ennius|Quintus Ennius]], who he says invented 1100 marks ({{langx|la|notae}}). Isidore states that Tiro brought the practice to Rome, but only used Tironian notes for prepositions.<ref name="Isidorus">Isidorus. ''[[Etymologiae]]'' or ''Originum'' I.21ff, Gothofred, editor</ref> According to [[Plutarch]] in "Life of Cato the Younger", Cicero's secretaries established the first examples of the art of Latin shorthand:<ref>{{Cite book |last=Plutarch |url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Plutarch%27s_Lives_(Clough,_v.4,_1865).djvu/401 |title=Plutarch's Lives |date=1865 |publisher=Little, Brown, and Company |volume=IV |location=Boston |pages=393 |translator-last=Dryden |translator-first=John |translator-last2=Clough |translator-first2=Arthur Hugh |translator-link=John Dryden |translator-link2=Arthur Hugh Clough}}</ref> {{blockquote|This only of all Catoβs speeches, it is said, was preserved; for Cicero, the consul, had disposed, in various parts of the senate-house, several of the most expert and rapid writers, whom he had taught to make figures comprising numerous words in a few short strokes; as up to that time they had not used those we call short-hand writers, who then, as it is said, established the first example of the art.}}
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