Editing Transcription factor (section)

=== Basal transcriptional regulation ===

In [[eukaryote]]s, an important class of transcription factors called [[general transcription factor]]s (GTFs) are necessary for transcription to occur.<ref name="isbn1-86094-126-5">{{Cite book | vauthors = Weinzierl RO |url=https://archive.org/details/mechanismsofgene0000wein |title=Mechanisms of Gene Expression: Structure, Function and Evolution of the Basal Transcriptional Machinery |publisher=World Scientific Publishing Company |year=1999 |isbn=1-86094-126-5 |url-access=registration}}</ref><ref name="pmid12672487">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Reese JC |date=April 2003 |title=Basal transcription factors |journal=Current Opinion in Genetics & Development |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=114–8 |doi=10.1016/S0959-437X(03)00013-3 |pmid=12672487}}</ref><ref name="pmid12676794">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Shilatifard A, Conaway RC, Conaway JW |year=2003 |title=The RNA polymerase II elongation complex |journal=Annual Review of Biochemistry |volume=72 |pages=693–715 |doi=10.1146/annurev.biochem.72.121801.161551 |pmid=12676794}}</ref>  Many of these GTFs do not actually bind DNA, but rather are part of the large [[transcription preinitiation complex]] that interacts with [[RNA polymerase]] directly.  The most common GTFs are [[TFIIA]], [[TFIIB]], [[TFIID]] (see also [[TATA binding protein]]), [[TFIIE]], [[TFIIF]], and [[TFIIH]].<ref name="pmid16858867">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Thomas MC, Chiang CM |year=2006 |title=The general transcription machinery and general cofactors |journal=Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology |volume=41 |issue=3 |pages=105–78 |doi=10.1080/10409230600648736 |pmid=16858867 |s2cid=13073440}}</ref>  The preinitiation complex binds to [[promotor (biology)|promoter]] regions of DNA upstream to the gene that they regulate.