Editing Urfa (section)

====Bronze Age====
During the Uruk period expansion about 3200 BC. The villages Urfa and Harran began to transform into cities. By the Early Bronze Age (2900-2600 BCE) Urfa had grown into a walled city of 200ha. This city is located at the archeological site Kazane Tepe adjacent to modern Urfa.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Creekmore |first1=Andrew |title=Landscape and Settlement in the Harran Plain |journal=American Journal of Archaeology |date=2018 |volume=122 |issue=2 |doi=10.3764/aja.122.2.0177 |jstor=10.3764/aja.122.2.0177 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3764/aja.122.2.0177 |access-date=1 July 2024|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

A much later artifact is a black stone pedestal with a double bull relief, found at a hill called Külaflı Tepe in the former village of Cavşak in the 1950s when the village was being evacuated to build a base for the Urfa Brigade. The pedestal contains an inscription with an invocation to the god [[Tarhunza]] and mentions a city whose name is only partly visible, but which Bahattin Çelik restores as "Umalia", in the country of [[Bit Adini]].<ref name="Çelik 2008"/>{{rp|16–7}}