Editing Viaduct (section)

==Past and future==
[[Elevated highway|Elevated expressways]] were built in major cities such as [[Boston]] ([[Central Artery]]), Los Angeles, San Francisco, [[Seoul]], Tokyo and [[Toronto]] ([[Gardiner Expressway]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tac-atc.ca/english/resourcecentre/readingroom/conference/conf2003/pdfs/gadiner.pdf|title=Toronto built, then demolished an expressway|website=tac-atc.ca|access-date=27 March 2018|archive-date=6 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706204817/http://www.tac-atc.ca/english/resourcecentre/readingroom/conference/conf2003/pdfs/gadiner.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Some were demolished because they were unappealing and divided the city.{{Citation needed|date=March 2011}} In other cases, viaducts were demolished because they were structurally unsafe, such as the [[California State Route 480|Embarcadero Freeway]] in San Francisco, which was damaged by an earthquake in 1989. However, in developing nations such as Thailand ([[Bang Na Expressway]], the [[List of longest bridges|world's longest road bridge]]), India ([[Delhi-Gurgaon Expressway]]), China, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Nicaragua, elevated expressways have been built and more are under construction to improve traffic flow, particularly as a workaround of land shortage when built atop surface roads.{{Citation needed|date=March 2011}}

Other uses have been found for some viaducts. In Paris, France, a repurposed rail viaduct provides a garden promenade on top and workspace for artisans below. The garden promenade is called the [[Coulée verte René-Dumont]] while the workspaces in the arches below are the [[Viaduc des Arts]]. The project was inaugurated in 1993. Manhattan's [[High Line]], inaugurated in 2009, also uses an elevated train line as a linear [[urban park]]. 

In Indonesia viaducts are used for railways in [[Java]] and also for highways such as the [[Jakarta Inner Ring Road]]. In January 2019, the [[Alaskan Way Viaduct]] in Seattle was closed and replaced with a [[Alaskan Way Viaduct replacement tunnel|tunnel]] after several decades of use because it was seismically unsafe.<ref>{{cite web |title=Alaskan Way Viaduct Replacement Program |website=[[Washington State Department of Transportation]] |url=https://wsdot.wa.gov/construction-planning/major-projects/alaskan-way-viaduct-replacement-program#Background |at=History & background |access-date=26 July 2024 }}</ref>

[[File:P1060258 Paris XII boulevard Daumesnil arcades rwk.JPG|thumb|center|The [[Viaduc des Arts]], Paris, France]]