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Viognier
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===France=== [[File:Nord Sud Viognier 2008.jpg|thumb|right|upright|A Viognier Vin de Pays d'Oc from Languedoc]] In France, Viognier is the single permitted grape variety in the Rh么ne appellations of [[Condrieu AOC|Condrieu]] and [[Ch芒teau-Grillet AOC|Ch芒teau Grillet]], which are located on the west bank of the [[Rh么ne]], about 40 km south of [[Lyon]]. In the rest of the [[Rh么ne wine region]] whites, the grape is often blended with [[Roussanne]], [[Marsanne]], [[Grenache blanc]], and [[Rolle (grape)|Rolle]]. In the Northern Rh么ne, the grape is sometimes blended with [[Chardonnay]].<ref name="Robinson pg 754"/> In the [[C么te-R么tie AOC]], red wine blends can include up to 20% of Viognier though most growers add no more than 5%. Since Viognier ripens earlier than [[Syrah]], the grape is normally harvested separately and added to the Syrah during [[fermentation (wine)|fermentation]]. One of the benefits of adding Viognier is that the process of co-[[pigmentation]] stabilizes the coloring of the red wine.<ref name="Clarke pg 280">O. Clarke ''Encyclopedia of Grapes'' pg 280 Harcourt Books 2001 {{ISBN|0-15-100714-4}}</ref> [[Vignerons]] in the rest of France often look to plant Viognier in areas rich in [[granite]] soil that have a heat retaining quality that the grape seems to thrive in.<ref name="Clarke pg 278"/> [[Beaujolais wine]]maker [[Georges Duboeuf]] helped expand the reach of the grape with plantings in the [[Ard猫che]] region.<ref name="Clarke pg 276">O. Clarke ''Encyclopedia of Grapes'' pg 276 Harcourt Books 2001 {{ISBN|0-15-100714-4}}</ref> The majority of French Viogniers are now grown in the [[Languedoc]] and sold as ''[[Vin de Pays]]''.
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