Editing Voodoo Science (section)

==Warning signs==

Drawing on examples used in ''Voodoo Science'', Park outlined seven warning signs that a claim may be pseudoscientific in a 2003 article for ''[[The Chronicle of Higher Education]]'':<ref>Robert L. Park. (2003). [http://www.quackwatch.com/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/signs.html "Seven Warning Signs of Bogus Science"]. ''[[The Chronicle of Higher Education]]''.</ref>

# Discoverers make their claims directly to the popular media, rather than to fellow scientists.
# Discoverers claim that a [[Conspiracy theory|conspiracy]] has tried to suppress the discovery.
# The claimed effect appears so weak that observers can hardly distinguish it from [[Signal noise|noise]].  No amount of further work increases the signal.
# [[Anecdotal evidence]] is used to back up the claim.
# [[True-believer syndrome|True believers]] cite ancient traditions in support of the new claim.
# The discoverer or discoverers work in isolation from the mainstream [[scientific community]].
# The discovery, if true, would require a change in the understanding of the fundamental laws of nature.