Editing Voter suppression (section)

=== Day-of experience ===
Requiring people to travel long distances and/or wait in long lines, for example suppresses voter turnout. Some parties in Europe that have less support among expats have made it much more difficult for them to cast ballots by removing [[Postal voting|vote by mail]] options, forcing some to travel hundreds of kilometers.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fubini |first=Federico |date=2020-01-15 |title=Voter suppression comes to Europe |url=https://www.ips-journal.eu/topics/european-integration/voter-suppression-comes-to-europe-3999/ |access-date=2023-10-11 |website=www.ips-journal.eu}}</ref>

Weekend (such as Saturday voting in Australia), also contributes to higher turnout than weekday voting, maybe even more than having Election Day as a recognized holiday.<ref name=":5" /> A study in the UK found that when the sun sets later in the day, turnout tends to improve.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Rallings |first1=C. |last2=Thrasher |first2=M. |last3=Borisyuk |first3=G. |date=March 2003 |title=Seasonal factors, voter fatigue and the costs of voting |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0261379401000476 |journal=Electoral Studies |language=en |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=65–79 |doi=10.1016/S0261-3794(01)00047-6|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

The [[Cost of voting index|Cost of Voting Index]] estimates how much more difficult the voting experience is on average in states around the U.S.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Corasaniti |first1=Nick |last2=McCann |first2=Allison |date=2022-09-20 |title=The 'Cost' of Voting in America: A Look at Where It's Easiest and Hardest |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/09/20/us/politics/cost-of-voting.html |access-date=2023-01-05 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> 78% of respondents in one preferred vote-by-mail to voting in-person.<ref name=":1" />