Editing Weather (section)

===Effects on populations===
[[Image:Navy-FloodedNewOrleans.jpg|thumb|New Orleans, Louisiana, after being struck by [[Hurricane Katrina]]. Katrina was a [[Category 3 hurricane]] when it struck although it had been a category 5 hurricane in the [[Gulf of Mexico]].]]
The weather has played a large and sometimes direct part in [[human history]]. Aside from [[climate change|climatic changes]] that have caused the gradual drift of populations (for example the [[desertification]] of the Middle East, and the formation of [[land bridge]]s during [[glacial]] periods), [[Severe weather|extreme weather]] events have caused smaller scale population movements and intruded directly in historical events. One such event is the saving of Japan from invasion by the [[Mongols|Mongol]] fleet of [[Kublai Khan]] by the [[Kamikaze (typhoon)|Kamikaze]] winds in 1281.<ref>James P. Delgado. [http://www.archaeology.org/0301/etc/kamikaze.html Relics of the Kamikaze.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110306115219/http://www.archaeology.org/0301/etc/kamikaze.html |date=6 March 2011 }} Retrieved on 28 June 2008.</ref> French claims to Florida came to an end in 1565 when a hurricane destroyed the French fleet, allowing Spain to conquer [[Fort Caroline]].<ref>Mike Strong. [http://www.mikestrong.com/fortcar/ Fort Caroline National Memorial.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121117064301/http://www.mikestrong.com/fortcar/ |date=17 November 2012 }} Retrieved on 28 June 2008.</ref> More recently, [[Hurricane Katrina]] redistributed over one million people from the central [[Gulf coast]] elsewhere across the United States, becoming the largest [[diaspora]] in the history of the United States.<ref>Anthony E. Ladd, John Marszalek, and Duane A. Gill. [http://www.ssrc.msstate.edu/katrina/publications/katrinastudentsummary.pdf The Other Diaspora: New Orleans Student Evacuation Impacts and Responses Surrounding Hurricane Katrina.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080624185024/http://www.ssrc.msstate.edu/katrina/publications/katrinastudentsummary.pdf |date=24 June 2008 }} Retrieved on 29 March 2008.</ref>

The [[Little Ice Age]] caused crop failures and [[famine]]s in Europe. During the period known as the [[Grindelwald Fluctuation]] (1560–1630), volcanic forcing events<ref>Jason Wolfe, [https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/sensing-our-planet/volcanoes-and-climate-change Volcanoes and Climate Change] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210529200210/https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/sensing-our-planet/volcanoes-and-climate-change |date=29 May 2021 }}, NASA, 28 July 2020). Date retrieved: 28 May 2021.</ref> seem to have led to more extreme weather events.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Weird weather in Bristol during the Grindelwald Fluctuation (1560–1630)|first1=Evan T.|last1=Jones|first2=Rose|last2=Hewlett|first3=Anson W.|last3=Mackay|date=5 May 2021|journal=Weather|volume=76|issue=4|pages=104–110|doi=10.1002/wea.3846|bibcode=2021Wthr...76..104J|s2cid=225239334|doi-access=free|hdl=1983/28c52f89-91be-4ae4-80e9-918cd339da95|hdl-access=free}}</ref> These included droughts, storms and unseasonal blizzards, as well as causing the Swiss [[Lower Grindelwald Glacier|Grindelwald Glacier]] to expand. The 1690s saw the worst famine in France since the Middle Ages. Finland suffered a severe famine in 1696–1697, during which about one-third of the Finnish population died.<ref>"''[https://books.google.com/books?id=RiLjHZdt-sMC&pg=PA21 Famine in Scotland: The 'Ill Years' of the 1690s]''". Karen J. Cullen (2010). [[Edinburgh University Press]]. p. 21. {{ISBN|0-7486-3887-3}}</ref>