Editing Wobble base pair (section)

==Biological importance==
Aside from the necessity of wobble, that our cells have a limited amount of tRNAs and wobble allows for more flexibility, wobble base pairs have been shown to facilitate many biological functions, most clearly demonstrated in the bacterium ''[[Escherichia coli]]'', a [[model organism]]. In fact, in a study of ''E. coli''{{'}}s [[tRNA]] for [[alanine]] there is a wobble base pair that determines whether the tRNA will be [[Aminoacylation|aminoacylated]]. When a tRNA reaches an [[aminoacyl tRNA synthetase]], the job of the synthetase is to join the t-shaped RNA with its amino acid. These aminoacylated tRNAs go on to the translation of an mRNA transcript, and are the fundamental elements that connect to the codon of the amino acid.<ref name="Campbell 9th"/> The necessity of the wobble base pair is illustrated through experimentation where the Guanine-Uracil pairing is changed to its natural Guanine-Cytosine pairing. Oligoribonucleotides were synthesized on a Gene Assembler Plus, and then spread across a DNA sequence known to code a tRNA for alanine, 2D-NMRs are then run on the products of these new tRNAs and compared to the wobble tRNAs. The results indicate that with that wobble base pair changed, structure is also changed and an [[alpha helix]] can no longer be formed. The alpha helix was the recognizable structure for the aminoacyl tRNA synthetase and thus the synthetase does not connect the amino acid alanine with the tRNA for alanine. This wobble base pairing is essential for the use of the amino acid alanine in ''E. coli'' and its significance here would imply significance in many related species.<ref>{{Cite journal |pmid = 8641457|year = 1996|last1 = Limmer|first1 = S.|title = NMR evidence for helix geometry modifications by a G-U wobble base pair in the acceptor arm of E. Coli tRNA(Ala)|journal = FEBS Letters|volume = 385|issue = 1–2|pages = 15–20|last2 = Reif|first2 = B.|last3 = Ott|first3 = G.|last4 = Arnold|first4 = L.|last5 = Sprinzl|first5 = M.|doi = 10.1016/0014-5793(96)00339-0|doi-access = free| bibcode=1996FEBSL.385...15L }}</ref> More information can be seen on aminoacyl tRNA synthetase and the genomes of ''E. coli'' tRNA at the [[#External links|External links]], ''Information on Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases'' and ''Genomic tRNA Database''.