Editing Xprize Foundation (section)

===Past contests===

====1996–2004 Ansari XPRIZE for Suborbital Spaceflight====
{{main|Ansari X Prize}}
[[File:SpaceShipOne test pilot Mike Melvill after the launch in pursuit of the Ansari X Prize on September 29, 2004.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Astronaut [[Mike Melvill]] after his award-winning September 29, 2004 spaceflight]]
The [[Ansari X PRIZE|Ansari XPRIZE]] for Suborbital Spaceflight was the first prize from the foundation. It successfully challenged teams to build private spaceships capable of carrying three people and fly two times within two weeks to open the space frontier. The first part of the Ansari XPRIZE requirements [[SpaceShipOne flight 15P|was fulfilled]] by [[Mike Melvill]] on September 29, 2004, On [[SpaceShipOne]], a spacecraft designed by [[Burt Rutan]] and financed by [[Paul Allen]], co-founder and former CEO of Microsoft. On that ship, Melvill broke the 100-kilometer (62.5&nbsp;mi) mark, internationally recognized as the boundary of [[outer space]]. [[Brian Binnie]] [[SpaceShipOne flight 17P|completed the second part]] of the requirements on October 4, 2004, winning the prize. As a result, US$10 million was awarded to the winner, but more than $100 million was invested in new technologies in pursuit of the prize.

Awarding this first prize gave XPRIZE as much publicity as the winners themselves. After the 2004 success there was ample media coverage to afford both Scaled Composites and XPRIZE additional support for them to expand and continue to pursue their aims. Following this early success several other XPRIZES were announced.

The Ansari XPRIZE won the [[Space Foundation]]'s [[Space Foundation#Douglas S. Morrow Public Outreach Award|Douglas S. Morrow Public Outreach Award]] in 2005. The award is given annually to an individual or organization that has made significant contributions to public awareness of space programs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalspacesymposium.org/symposium-awards |title=Symposium Awards &#124; National Space Symposium |date=February 3, 2009 |access-date=January 31, 2012 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090203060101/http://www.nationalspacesymposium.org/symposium-awards |archive-date=February 3, 2009 }}</ref>

====2007–2010 Progressive Insurance Automotive XPRIZE====
{{main|Automotive X Prize}}
The goal of the [[Automotive X Prize|Progressive Insurance Automotive XPRIZE]] was to design, build and race super-efficient vehicles that achieve 100 [[Miles per gallon of gasoline equivalent|MPGe]] (2.35&nbsp;liter/100&nbsp;kilometer) efficiency, produce less than 200&nbsp;grams/mile well-to-wheel CO<sub>2</sub> equivalent [[Exhaust gas|emissions]], and could be manufactured for the mass market.<ref>{{cite web |title=Competition Guidelines, Version 1.2 |url=http://www.progressiveautoxprize.org/files/downloads/auto/PIAXP_Guidelines_V_1.0_20090110.pdf |publisher=XPRIZE  |date=January 13, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090801164332/http://www.progressiveautoxprize.org/files/downloads/auto/PIAXP_Guidelines_V_1.0_20090110.pdf |archive-date=August 1, 2009 |df=mdy-all }}</ref>

The winners of the competition were announced on September 16, 2010.<ref name="XPrizeAwards">{{cite web|title=Three Teams Awarded Share of $10 Million Purse in Progressive Insurance Automotive X PRIZE for Super Fuel-Efficient Vehicles|url=http://www.progressiveautoxprize.org/news-events/press-releases/three-teams-awarded-share-10-million-purse-progressive-insurance-automotive-x-prize-super-fu|publisher=XPRIZE |access-date=September 17, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100919163613/http://www.progressiveautoxprize.org/news-events/press-releases/three-teams-awarded-share-10-million-purse-progressive-insurance-automotive-x-prize-super-fu|archive-date=September 19, 2010|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
* Team Edison2 won the $5 million Mainstream competition with its four-passenger [[Very Light Car]], obtaining 102.5 [[MPGe]] running on [[E85]] fuel.
* Team Li-Ion Motors won the $2.5 million Alternative Side-by-Side competition with their aerodynamic Wave-II electric vehicle achieving 187 MPGe.
* Team X-Tracer Switzerland won the $2.5 million Alternative Tandem competition with their 205.3 MPGe faired electric motorcycle.

====2010–2011 Wendy Schmidt Oil Cleanup XCHALLENGE====
{{main|Wendy Schmidt Oil Cleanup X Challenge}}
The [[Wendy Schmidt]] Oil Cleanup XCHALLENGE was introduced on July 29, 2010. The $1 million prize had a goal to inspire a new generation of innovative solutions that will speed the pace of cleaning up seawater surface oil resulting from spillage from ocean platforms, tankers, and other sources. The team of Elastec/American Marine won the challenge by developing a device that skims oil off water three times faster than previously existing technology.<ref>{{cite web|last=Boyle |first=Rebecca |url=http://www.popsci.com/technology/article/2011-10/x-prize-challenge-seeks-new-designs-and-inspiration-clean-future-oil-spills |title=Winner of Million-Dollar X Challenge Cleans Up Oil Spills Three Times Better Than Existing Tech &#124; Popular Science |website=Popsci.com |date=October 12, 2011 |access-date=January 31, 2012}}</ref>

====2006–2009 Northrop Grumman Lunar Lander XCHALLENGE====
{{main|Lunar Lander Challenge}}
The Northrop Grumman Lunar Lander XCHALLENGE (NGLLXPC) was a competition (co-hosted by NASA) to build precise, efficient small rocket systems. It was introduced in 2006 and the US$1 million top prize was awarded on November 5, 2009 to [[Masten Space Systems]], led by David Masten; while [[Armadillo Aerospace]], led by id Software founder [[John Carmack]] took home the second place prize of US$500,000, plus an additional $500,000 in 2008.

====2012–2014 The Nokia Sensing XCHALLENGE====
The Nokia Sensing XCHALLENGE goal is accelerating the use of sensors and sensing technology to tackle health care problems and find ways for people to monitor and maintain their personal well-being. It was composed of two distinct Challenges held in 2013 and 2014. It was announced in 2012<ref>{{cite web | title= Nokia Sensing XChallenge Media Mentions|url=http://www.nokiasensingxchallenge.org/media/media-mentions}}</ref> and 12 finalists announced in 2013.<ref>{{cite web | publisher=Medgadet  | title=Nokia and XPRIZE Announce Finalists of the Nokia Sensing XCHALLENGE |url=http://www.medgadget.com/2013/08/nokia-and-xprize-announce-finalists-of-the-nokia-sensing-xchallenge.html | author=Scott Jung| work=Medgadget | date=August 12, 2013 }}</ref> On November 11, 2014, the winner was named to be team DMI, led by Eugene Y. Chan, MD, whose entry was the rHEALTH technology which used lasers and nanostrips to perform vast multiplexing on samples.<ref>{{cite web | website=Sandiegouniontribune.com | title=XPrize names medical sensor challenge winners | date=November 11, 2014 |url=http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/2014/nov/11/DMI-Qualcomm-XPrize-medical-Tricorder-Nokia/#comments-module}}</ref>  In this competition, prize purses totaling $2.25 million were awarded.

====2013–2015 The Wendy Schmidt Ocean Health XPRIZE====
The Wendy Schmidt Ocean Health XPRIZE is a $2 million competition to improve our understanding of ocean acidification.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oceanhealth.xprize.org/|title=Wendy Schmidt Ocean Health XPRIZE)|website=Oceanhealth.xprize.org|access-date=October 16, 2018}}</ref> On July 20, 2015, the winners of the challenge were announced.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oceanhealth.xprize.org/press-release/montana-team-takes-home-both-top-prizes-2-million-wendy-schmidt-ocean|website=Oceanhealth.xprize.org|title=Montana team takes home both top rizes in $2 million Wendy Schmidt Ocean Health XPRIZE}}</ref>

====2011–2017 Qualcomm Tricorder XPRIZE====
{{main|Tricorder X Prize}}
The Qualcomm Tricorder XPRIZE was announced on May 10, 2011, and is sponsored by [[Qualcomm]] Foundation. It was officially launched on January 10, 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.xprize.org/press-release/x-prize-foundation-and-qualcomm-foundation-set-revolutionize-healthcare-launch-10 |title=X PRIZE Foundation and Qualcomm Foundation Set to Revolutionize Healthcare with Launch of $10 Million Qualcomm Tricorder X PRIZE &#124; X PRIZE Foundation |website=Xprize.org |date=January 10, 2012 |access-date=January 31, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205074730/http://www.xprize.org/press-release/x-prize-foundation-and-qualcomm-foundation-set-revolutionize-healthcare-launch-10 |archive-date=February 5, 2012 }}</ref> The $10 million prize is awarded for creating a mobile device that can "diagnose patients better than or equal to a panel of board certified physicians".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marketwire.com/press-release/x-prize-foundation-qualcomm-join-forces-develop-competition-enhance-integrated-digital-1512263.htm|title=The X PRIZE Foundation and Qualcomm Join Forces to Develop a Competition to Enhance Integrated Digital Health|work=Marketwire |date=May 10, 2011|publisher=XPRIZE |access-date=May 14, 2011}}</ref> The name is taken from the [[tricorder]] device in ''[[Star Trek]]'' which can be used to instantly diagnose ailments.<ref name="spon1">{{cite web|url=http://www.spiegel.de/netzwelt/gadgets/0,1518,762497,00.html|title=Zehn Millionen Dollar für den "Star Trek"-Trikorder|date=May 14, 2011|work=Der Spiegel|language=de}}</ref> No team met all the requirements needed to win the full prize purse. Reduced prizes were made to the strongest performers (US$2.6 million for Final Frontier Medical Devices, US$1 million for Dynamical Biomarkers, and $100,000 for Cloud DX, named "Bold Epic Innovator"). For the first time at any XPRIZE, the leftover funds from the main prize purse were diverted for consumer testing for commercialization ($3.8 million) and for adapting tricorders for use in hospitals in developing countries ($1.6 million).

==== 2016–2018 Anu & Naveen Jain Women's Safety XPRIZE ====
The Anu & [[Naveen Jain]] Women's Safety XPRIZE was launched on October 24, 2016, and has a $1 million purse. The goal for competing teams is to develop a safety device for women that can autonomously and inconspicuously trigger an emergency alert while transmitting information to a network of community responders.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://safety.xprize.org/press-release/two-new-competitions-xprize-tackles-water-scarcity-and-womens-safety|title=With Two New Competitions, XPRIZE Tackles Water Scarcity and Women's Safety|publisher=XPRIZE}}</ref> On June 7, 2018, Leaf Wearables received the grand prize winner of the $1M.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://adultliteracy.xprize.org/prizes/womens-safety/articles/anu-naveen-jain-announce-leaf-wearables-as-the-g|title=Anu & Naveen Jain Announce Leaf Wearables as the Grand Prize Winner in the $1m Women's Safety XPRIZE|last=XPRIZE|website=adultliteracy.xprize.org|access-date=2020-02-17}}</ref>

====2016–2018 Water Abundance XPRIZE====
On October 20, 2018, the XPRIZE Foundation awarded The Water Abundance XPRIZE, which launched on October 24, 2016, with a purse of $1.75 million provided by the [[Tata Group]] and [[Australian Aid]], to the Skysource/Skywater Alliance based in Venice, California, who received a grand prize of $1.5 million. An additional award of $150,000 went to the second place team, JMCC WING, based in South Point, Hawaii, to acknowledge the team's ingenuity in developing a unique technological approach.<ref>{{cite web |title=GRAND PRIZE WINNER IN $1.75M WATER ABUNDANCE XPRIZE ANNOUNCED AT XPRIZE VISIONEERING 2018 Oct 22 2018 |url=https://water.xprize.org/prizes/water-abundance/articles/waxp-grand-prize-winner |website=Creating Water From Thin Air |publisher=XPRIZE |access-date=26 October 2018}}</ref> Over a 24-hour period, the Skysource/Skywater Alliance successfully extracted over 2,000 liters of water using only renewable energy, at a cost of US$0.02 per liter.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.firstpost.com/tech/science/water-out-of-thin-air-california-duos-water-making-device-wins-1-5m-xprize-5463121.html |title = Water out of thin air: California duo's water-making device wins $1.5M XPrize| date=October 29, 2018 }}</ref> The team, led by architect David Hertz, intends to use the award to productize the system to address [[water scarcity]] in the developing world.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.apnews.com/88077278c6b04658952ad7a148219b73 |title = Water out of thin air: California couple's device wins $1.5M {{!}} AP News|website = [[Associated Press]]| date=April 20, 2021 }}</ref>

====2014–2019 The Global Learning XPRIZE====
The Global Learning XPRIZE, launched in September 2014, is a $15-million prize to create mobile apps to improve reading, writing, and arithmetic in developing nations. Each application will be developed during an 18-month period and the top five teams will receive $1 million each, with each of the winning apps being made available under an open-source license. The finalist of the group, that then develops an app producing the highest performance gains, will win an additional $10 million top prize.<ref>{{cite news|author=Dominic Basulto|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2014/09/22/new-15-million-global-learning-xprize-wants-to-disrupt-education-as-we-know-it/|title=New $15 million Global Learning XPRIZE wants to disrupt education as we know it|date=September 22, 2014|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> On May 15, 2019, the grand prize winners were announced; there was a tie between Kitkit School from South Korea and the United States, and one billion from Kenya and the United Kingdom.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://adultliteracy.xprize.org/prizes/global-learning/articles/global-learning-xprize-two-grand-prize-winners|title=$15M Global Learning XPRIZE Culminates With Two Grand Prize Winners|website=adultliteracy.xprize.org|access-date=2020-02-17}}</ref>

==== 2015–2019 Shell Ocean Discovery XPRIZE ====
On December 14, 2015, XPRIZE Founder Peter Diamandis announced the launch of a new $7 million prize that will be a three-year global competition that challenges researchers to build better technologies for mapping Earth's seafloor.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.livescience.com/53104-xprize-ocean-discovery-announced.html|title=New X Prize Challenge: Map Ocean Floor|website=Livescience.com|date=December 15, 2015 }}</ref> On May 31, 2019, the grand prize winner, receiving a total of $4M, was GEBCO-NF Alumni, an international team based in the United States, while KUROSHIO, from Japan, claimed $1M as the runner-up.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://adultliteracy.xprize.org/prizes/ocean-discovery/articles/ocean-discovery-winners-announced|title=Winners Announced in $7M Shell Ocean Discovery XPRIZE for Advancements in Autonomous Ocean Exploration|website=adultliteracy.xprize.org|access-date=2020-02-17}}</ref>  GEBCO-NF Alumni used the unmanned boat [[USV Maxlimer|''Maxlimer'']] to autonomously map {{convert|278|sqkm|sqmi}} of seafloor.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-48473701 | title=GEBCO-NF Alumni robots win ocean-mapping XPRIZE | publisher=BBC News Online | date=31 May 2019 | access-date=29 August 2020}}</ref>

==== 2015–2019 Adult Literacy XPRIZE ====
The challenge set was to find or create solutions for improving the literacy proficiency of adults in reading within a 12-month period. The challenge was announced on June 8, 2015, and awarded $7 million by [[Barbara Bush Foundation for Family Literacy]] and the [[Dollar General Literacy Foundation]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://adultliteracy.xprize.org/press-release/xprize-and-barbara-bush-foundation-set-sights-empowering-36-million-us|title=Xprize and Barbara Bush foundation set sights on empowering 36 million U.S. adults through literacy|publisher=XPRIZE}}</ref> The winners, Learning Upgrade and People ForWords were announced February 7, 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://adultliteracy.xprize.org/prizes/adult-literacy/articles/two-teams-tie-for-grand-prize|title=Prize announcement|date=February 16, 2020|publisher=XPRIZE}}</ref>

==== 2020 Next-Gen Mask Challenge ====

The $1 million Next-Gen Mask Prize is open to only 16–24 year olds and was sponsored by [[Marc Benioff]] and [[Jim Cramer]], the host of [[Mad Money]] on CNBC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=XPRIZE CALLS UPON THE NEXT GENERATION OF INNOVATORS TO HELP FIGHT COVID-19 WITH MILLION DOLLAR NEXT-GEN MASK CHALLENGE|url=https://xprize.org/articles/xprize-calls-upon-the-next-generation-of-innovators-to-help-fight-covid-19|access-date=2020-12-08|website=XPRIZE}}</ref> On December 23, 2020, [[The Luminosity Lab]] was named the winning team with their anti-fog mask design, taking home $500,000.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-23|title=ASU team wins international competition with anti-fog coronavirus mask design|url=https://www.abc15.com/news/coronavirus/asu-team-wins-international-competition-with-anti-fog-coronavirus-mask-design|access-date=2021-04-26|website=KNXV|language=en}}</ref>

==== 2020–2021 Pandemic Response XPRIZE ====

This was a four-month challenge focused on the development of AI-driven systems to predict COVID-19 infection rates and to prescribe intervention plans. The $500,000 award was funded by [[Cognizant]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pandemic Response Challenge|url=https://www.xprize.org/challenge/pandemicresponse|access-date=2021-03-23|website=XPRIZE|language=en}}</ref> The winners, VALENCIA IA4COVID19 from Spain and JSI vs COVID from Slovenia were announced on March 9, 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-03-09|title=XPRIZE and Cognizant Announce Grand Prize Winners in Pandemic Response Challenge to Restart Economies Around the World|url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210309005419/en/XPRIZE-and-Cognizant-Announce-Grand-Prize-Winners-in-Pandemic-Response-Challenge-to-Restart-Economies-Around-the-World|access-date=2021-03-23|website=www.businesswire.com|language=en}}</ref>

==== 2018–2022 ANA Avatar XPRIZE ====

The $10M ANA Avatar XPRIZE<ref>{{Cite web |title=ANA Avatar XPRIZE |url=https://www.xprize.org/prizes/avatar |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=XPRIZE |language=en}}</ref> aimed to create avatar systems that can transport human presence to remote locations in real time. The participants of this competition developed robotic systems that allow operators to see, hear, and interact with a remote environment in a way that feels as if they are truly there. On the other hand, people in the remote environment were given the impression that the operator was present inside the avatar robot. At the competition finals, held in November 2022 in Long Beach, CA, USA, the avatar systems were evaluated on their support for remotely interacting with humans, exploring new environments, and employing specialized skills.<ref>{{cite arXiv|last1=Behnke |first1=Sven |last2=Adams |first2=Julie A. |last3=Locke |first3=David |title=The $10 Million ANA Avatar XPRIZE Competition Advanced Immersive Telepresence Systems |date=2023 |class=cs.RO |eprint=2308.07878}}</ref>
The winners of the competition were:
* Team [[NimbRo]], University of Bonn, Germany won the grand prize of $5,000,000<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Lenz |first1=Christian |last2=Schwarz |first2=Max |last3=Rochow |first3=Andre |last4=Pätzold |first4=Bastian |last5=Memmesheimer |first5=Raphael |last6=Schreiber |first6=Michael |last7=Behnke |first7=Sven |title=NimbRo Wins ANA Avatar XPRIZE Immersive Telepresence Competition: Human-Centric Evaluation and Lessons Learned |journal=International Journal of Social Robotics |date=5 October 2023 |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=337–361 |doi=10.1007/s12369-023-01050-9|doi-access=free |arxiv=2308.12238 }}</ref>
* Pollen Robotics, France won $2,000,000
* Team Northeastern, Northeastern University, USA won $1,000,000