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Yakovlev Yak-3
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==Variants== [[File:Yak3.jpg|thumb|Yakovlev Yak-3 (replica), with opposite rotation propeller.]] [[File:Jak-3U.jpg|thumb|Yakovlev Yak-3UPW produced in 2002 with [[:en:Pratt & Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp|Pratt & Whitney R-1830]] radial engine]] ; Yak-3: main production version ; Yak-3 (VK-107A): [[Klimov VK-107]]A engine with {{convert|1230|kW|hp|0|abbr=on}} and 2 Γ {{convert|20|mm|in|abbr=on}} [[Berezin B-20]] cannons with 120 rpg. After several mixed-construction prototypes, 48 all-metal production aircraft were built in 1945β1946 during and after WW2. Despite excellent performance ({{convert|720|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} at {{convert|5750|m|ft|abbr=on}}), it saw only limited squadron service with the 897th IAP. Though the problems with the VK-107 overheating were eventually mitigated, it was decided to leave the engine for the better-suited [[Yakovlev Yak-9|Yak-9]]. ; Yak-3 (VK-108): Yak-3 (VK-107A) modified with [[Klimov VK-107|VK-108]] engine with {{convert|1380|kW|hp|0|abbr=on}}, and armed a single {{convert|23|mm|in|abbr=on}} [[Nudelman-Suranov NS-23]] cannon with 60 rounds of ammunition. The aircraft reached {{convert|745|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}} at {{convert|6290|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} in testing but suffered from significant engine overheating. Another Yak-3 with 2 Γ {{convert|20|mm|in|abbr=on}} [[Berezin B-20]] cannons was also fitted with the engine with similar results. ; Yak-3K: Armed with a {{convert|45|mm|in|abbr=on}} [[Nudelman-Suranov NS-45]] cannon, only a few built because [[Yakovlev Yak-9|Yak-9K]] was a better match for the weapon ; Yak-3P: Production started after war<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gordon|first1=Yefim|title=Yakovlev's Piston Engined Fighters |year=2002|page= 120|publisher=Midland |isbn=1-85780-140-7}}</ref> armed with 3 Γ {{convert|20|mm|in|abbr=on}} [[Berezin B-20]] cannon with 120 rounds for the middle cannon and 130 rpg for the side weapons. A total of 596 being built, none of them took part in combat.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gordon|first1=Yefim|title=Yakovlev's Piston Engined Fighters |year=2002|page=121|publisher=Midland |isbn=1-85780-140-7}}</ref> The three-cannon armament with full ammunition load was actually {{convert|11|kg|lb|abbr=on}} lighter than that of a standard Yak-3, and the one-second burst mass of {{convert|3.52|kg|lb|abbr=on}} was greater than that of most contemporary fighters. ; Yak-3PD: high-altitude interceptor with [[Klimov VK-105]]PD engine and a single {{convert|23|mm|in|abbr=on}} [[Nudelman-Suranov NS-23]] cannon with 60 rounds of ammunition, reached {{convert|13300|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} in testing but did not enter production due to unreliability of the engine. ; Yak-3RD (Yak-3D): experimental aircraft with an auxiliary [[Glushko RD-1]] [[liquid-fuel rocket]] engine with {{convert|2.9|kN|lbf|abbr=on}} of thrust in the modified tail, armed with a single {{convert|23|mm|in|abbr=on}} [[Nudelman-Suranov NS-23]] cannon with 60 rounds of ammunition. On 11 May 1945, the aircraft reached {{convert|782|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}} at {{convert|7800|m|ft|abbr=on}}. During the 16 August test flight, the aircraft crashed for unknown reasons, killing the test pilot [[V.L. Rastorguev]]. Like all mixed powerplant aircraft of the time, the project was abandoned in favor of [[turbojet]] engines. ; Yak-3T: tank destroyer version armed with 1 Γ {{convert|37|mm|in|abbr=on}} [[Nudelman N-37]] cannon with 25 rounds and 2 Γ {{convert|20|mm|in|abbr=on}} [[Berezin B-20]]S cannons with 100 rpg. Cockpit was moved {{convert|0.4|m|in|abbr=on}} back to compensate for the heavier nose. Engine modifications required to accept the weapons resulted in serious overheating problems which were never fixed and the aircraft did not advance beyond the prototype stage. ; Yak-3T-57: single Yak-3T with a {{convert|57|mm|in|abbr=on}} OKB-16-57 cannon ; Yak-3TK: powered by a VK-107A engine, and fitted with an exhaust turbocharger. ; Yak-3U: Yak-3 fitted with [[Shvetsov ASh-82]]FN radial engine with {{convert|1380|kW|hp|0|abbr=on}} in an attempt to increase performance while avoiding the overheating problems of VK-107 and VK-108. Wingspan increased by {{convert|20|cm|in|abbr=on}}, wings moved {{convert|22|cm|in|abbr=on}} forward, cockpit raised by {{convert|8|cm|in|abbr=on}}. Armament of 2 Γ {{convert|20|mm|in|abbr=on}} [[Berezin B-20]] cannons with 120 rpg. The prototype reached {{convert|682|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}} at {{convert|6000|m|ft|abbr=on}} and while successful did not enter production because it was completed after the war. ; Yak-3UTI: two-seat conversion trainer based on Yak-3U powered by [[Shvetsov ASh-21]] radial piston engine. The aircraft became the prototype for the [[Yak-11]].
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