Editing Sensorineural hearing loss (section)

===Treatment===
Hearing loss completely recovers in around 35–39% of patients with SSNHL, usually within one to two weeks from onset.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bayoumy |first1=AB |last2=van der Veen |first2=EL |last3=de Ru |first3=JA |date=1 August 2018 |title=Assessment of Spontaneous Recovery Rates in Patients With Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss |journal=JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |volume=144 |issue=8 |pages=655–656 |doi=10.1001/jamaoto.2018.1072 |pmid=29931029 |s2cid=49330911}}</ref> Steroid treatment within seven days, a lower initial severity of hearing loss, the absence of vertigo, younger patient age, and a history of cardiovascular disease are all associated with complete hearing recovery.<ref name="pmid39235820">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Mandavia R, Joshi N, Hannink G, Ahmed MN, Parmar D, Di Bonaventura S, Gomes P, Iqbal I, Lyles J, Schilder AG, Mehta N |date=September 2024 |title=A Prognostic Model to Predict Hearing Recovery in Patients With Idiopathic Sudden Onset Sensorineural Hearing Loss |journal=JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery |volume=150 |issue=10 |pages=896–906 |doi=10.1001/jamaoto.2024.2598 |pmc=11378067 |pmid=39235820 |pmc-embargo-date=September 5, 2025}}</ref> Eighty-five percent of those who receive treatment from an [[otolaryngologist]] (sometimes called an ENT surgeon) will recover some of their hearing.{{citation needed|date=September 2024}}
* [[vitamin]]s and [[antioxidant]]s
* [[vasodilator]]s
* [[betahistine]] (Betaserc), an anti-[[vertigo]] drug
* [[hyperbaric oxygen]]<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Bennett MH, Kertesz T, Perleth M, Yeung P, Lehm JP |date=October 2012 |title=Hyperbaric oxygen for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2012 |issue=10 |pages=CD004739 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004739.pub4 |pmc=11561530 |pmid=23076907}}</ref>
* [[hemorheology|rheologic]] agents that reduce blood viscosity (such as [[hydroxyethyl starch]], [[dextran]] and [[pentoxifylline]])<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Li |first=Yike |date=15 June 2017 |title=Interventions in the management of blood viscosity for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: A meta-analysis |journal=Journal of Health Research and Reviews |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=50–61 |doi=10.4103/jhrr.jhrr_125_16 |doi-broken-date=1 November 2024 |s2cid=79662388 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
* [[anti-inflammatory]] agents, primarily oral [[corticosteroid]]s (such as [[prednisone]] and [[dexamethasone]])<ref name="pmid27413627">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Leung MA, Flaherty A, Zhang JA, Hara J, Barber W, Burgess L |date=June 2016 |title=Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Primary Care Update |journal=Hawai'i Journal of Medicine & Public Health |volume=75 |issue=6 |pages=172–4 |pmc=4928516 |pmid=27413627}}</ref>
* Intratympanic administration – Gel formulations are under investigation to provide more consistent drug delivery to the inner ear.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |vauthors=McCall AA, Swan EE, Borenstein JT, Sewell WF, Kujawa SG, McKenna MJ |date=April 2010 |title=Drug delivery for treatment of inner ear disease: current state of knowledge |journal=Ear and Hearing |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=156–65 |doi=10.1097/AUD.0b013e3181c351f2 |pmc=2836414 |pmid=19952751}}</ref> Local drug delivery can be accomplished through intratympanic administration, a minimally invasive procedure where the ear drum is anesthetized and a drug is administered into the middle ear. From the middle ear, a drug can diffuse across the round window membrane into the inner ear.<ref name=":0" /> Intratympanic administration of steroids may be effective for sudden sensorineural hearing loss for some patients, but high quality clinical data has not been generated.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Crane RA, Camilon M, Nguyen S, Meyer TA |date=January 2015 |title=Steroids for treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |journal=The Laryngoscope |volume=125 |issue=1 |pages=209–17 |doi=10.1002/lary.24834 |pmid=25045896 |s2cid=24312659}}</ref> Intratympanic administration of an anti-apoptotic peptide (JNK inhibitor) is currently being evaluated in late-stage clinical development.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Suckfuell M, Lisowska G, Domka W, Kabacinska A, Morawski K, Bodlaj R, Klimak P, Kostrica R, Meyer T |date=September 2014 |title=Efficacy and safety of AM-111 in the treatment of acute sensorineural hearing loss: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase II study |journal=Otology & Neurotology |volume=35 |issue=8 |pages=1317–26 |doi=10.1097/mao.0000000000000466 |pmid=24979398 |s2cid=6445497 |doi-access=free}}</ref>