Editing Cluj-Napoca (section)

==Culture and media==
Cluj-Napoca is an important centre for [[Transylvania]]n mass media, since it is the headquarters of all regional television networks, newspapers and radio stations. The largest daily newspapers published in [[Bucharest]] are usually reissued from Cluj-Napoca in a regional version, covering Transylvanian issues. Such newspapers include ''[[România Liberă]]'', ''[[Gardianul]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2008 |title=Cotidianul național Gardianul își lansează ediție regională |url=http://www.realitateacluj.ro/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=642:GARDIANUL-REGIONAL---Cotidianul-național-Gardianul-își-lansează-ediție-regioanală_2008-04-15-03-19-55&catid=12:social&Itemid=13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20080503031822/http://www.realitateacluj.ro/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=642:GARDIANUL-REGIONAL---Cotidianul-na%C5%A3ional-Gardianul-%C3%AE%C5%9Fi-lanseaz%C4%83-edi%C5%A3ie-regioanal%C4%83_2008-04-15-03-19-55&catid=12:social&Itemid=13 |archive-date=3 May 2008 |access-date=2008-03-15 |publisher=Realitatea Cluj |language=ro}}</ref> ''[[Ziarul Financiar]]'', ''[[ProSport]]'' and ''[[Gazeta Sporturilor]]''. [[Ringier]] edited a regional version of ''[[Evenimentul Zilei]]'' in Cluj-Napoca until 2008, when it decided to close this enterprise.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 January 2008 |title=Ringier închide edițiile regionale ale cotidianului Evenimentul Zilei |url=http://www.wall-street.ro/articol/Marketing-PR/36954/Ringier-inchide-editiile-regionale-ale-cotidianului-Evenimentul-Zilei.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119063917/http://www.wall-street.ro/articol/Marketing-PR/36954/Ringier-inchide-editiile-regionale-ale-cotidianului-Evenimentul-Zilei.html |archive-date=19 January 2008 |access-date=2008-03-12 |publisher=Wall-Street.ro |language=ro}}</ref>

[[File:Chiosc ziare Cluj-Napoca.jpg|thumb|A newspaper [[kiosk]] in the central area]]
[[File:Presa clujeana.JPG|thumb|right|[[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]- and [[Romanian language|Romanian]]-language newspapers published in Cluj-Napoca]]

Apart from the regional editions, which are distributed throughout [[Transylvania]], the national newspaper ''[[Ziua]]'' also runs a local franchise, ''Ziua de Cluj'', that acts as a local daily, available only within city limits. Cluj-Napoca also boasts other newspapers of local interest, like ''[[Făclia]]'' and ''[[Monitorul de Cluj]]'', as well as two free dailies, ''[[Informația Cluj]]'' and ''Cluj Expres''. ''[[Clujeanul]]'', the first of a series of local weeklies edited by the media trust [[Central European Media Enterprises|CME]], is one of the largest newspapers in Transylvania, with an audience of 53,000 readers per edition.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2007 |title=Clujeanul își schimbă înfățișarea |url=http://old.clujeanul.ro/cotidian/nocache/articol/Cluj/CLUJEANUL_isi_schimba_infatisarea.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20080127170826/http://old.clujeanul.ro/cotidian/nocache/articol/Cluj/CLUJEANUL_isi_schimba_infatisarea.html |archive-date=27 January 2008 |access-date=2008-03-12 |publisher=Clujeanul |language=ro}}</ref> This weekly has a daily online version, entitled ''Clujeanul, ediție online'', updated on a real-time basis. Cluj-Napoca is also the centre of the Romanian [[Hungarian language]] press. The city hosts the editorial offices of the two largest newspapers of this kind, ''[[Krónika]]'' and ''[[Szabadság]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |title=Media statistics for newspapers in Romania |url=http://www.mediaromania.ro/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080313214129/http://www.mediaromania.ro/ |archive-date=13 March 2008 |access-date=2008-03-13 |publisher=Mediaromania.ro |language=ro}}</ref> as well as those of the magazines ''[[Erdélyi Napló]]'' and ''[[Korunk]]''. ''[[Săptămâna Clujeană]]'' is an economic weekly published in the city, that also issues two magazines on successful local people and companies (''Oameni de Succes'' and ''Companii de Succes'') every year, while ''[[Piața A-Z]]'' is a newspaper for announcements and advertisements distributed throughout Transylvania. Cluj had an active press in the interwar period as well: publications included the [[Zionism|Zionist]] newspaper ''[[Új Kelet]]'', the official party organs ''Keleti Újság'' (for the [[Magyar Party (Romania)|Magyar Party]]) and ''Patria'' (for the [[National Peasants' Party]]);<ref>{{Cite book |last=Forter |first=Norman |url=https://archive.org/details/roumanianhandboo00norm/page/29 |title=The Roumanian Handbook |last2=Rostovsky, Demeter |publisher=Ayer Publishing |year=1971 |isbn=0-405-02747-8 |page=[https://archive.org/details/roumanianhandboo00norm/page/29 29] |url-access=registration}}</ref> and the nationalist ''Conștiința Românească'' and ''Țara Noastră'', the latter a magazine directed by [[Octavian Goga]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Blinkhorn |first=Martin |title=Fascists and Conservatives |publisher=Routledge |year=1990 |isbn=0-04-940087-8 |page=230}}</ref> Under Communism, publications included the socio-political and literary magazines ''Tribuna'', ''Steaua'', ''Utunk'', ''Korunk'', ''Napsugár'' and ''Előre'' as well as the regional Communist party daily organs ''Făclia'' and ''Igazság'' and the trilingual student magazine ''Echinox''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Romanian Academy |title=Dicționar enciclopedic român |publisher=Academia Republicii Populare Române |year=1962–66 |volume=1 |page=673}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Reviste literare |url=http://www.revistatribuna.ro/arhiva/tribuna104.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071029030611/http://revistatribuna.ro/arhiva/tribuna104.pdf |archive-date=29 October 2007 |access-date=2008-09-11 |website=Tribuna |language=ro}}</ref>

Among the local television stations in the city, ''[[TVR Cluj]]'' (public) and ''[[One TV (Romania)|One TV]]'' (private) broadcast regionally, while the others are restricted to the metropolitan area. ''Napoca Cable Network'' is available through cable, and broadcasts local content throughout the day. Other stations work as affiliates of national TV stations, only providing the audience with local reports in addition to the national programming. This situation is mirrored in the radio broadcasting companies: except for ''[[Radio Cluj]]'', ''[[Radio Impuls]]'' and the Hungarian-language ''[[Paprika Rádió]]'', all other stations are local affiliates of the national broadcasters. ''Casa Radio'', situated on Donath Street, is one of the modern landmarks of the media and communications industry; it is, however, not the only one: [[Palatul Telefoanelor, Cluj-Napoca|Palatul Telefoanelor]] ("the telephone palace") is also a major modernist symbol of communications in the city centre.{{Citation needed|date=May 2008}}

Magazines published in Cluj-Napoca include ''HR Journal'', a publication discussing human resources issues, ''[[J'Adore (magazine)|J'Adore]]'', a local shopping magazine that is also franchised in Bucharest, ''Maximum Rock Magazine'', dealing with the rock music industry, ''RDV'', a national hunting publication and ''Cluj-Napoca WWW'', an English-language magazine designed for tourists. Cultural and social events as well as all other entertainment sources are the leading subjects of such magazines as ''[[Șapte Seri]]'' and ''CJ24FUN''.

In the early 20th century, film production in Kolozsvár, led by [[Jenő Janovics]], was the chief alternative to Budapest.<ref name="Balogh"/> The first film made in the city, in association with the Parisian producer [[Pathé]], was ''Sárga csikó'' ("Yellow Foal", 1912), based on a popular "peasant drama". ''Yellow Foal'' became the first worldwide Hungarian success, distributed abroad under the title ''The Secret of the Blind Man'': 137 prints were sold internationally and the movie was even screened in Japan.<ref name="Balogh"/>

The first artistically prestigious film in the annals of Hungarian cinematography was also produced on this site, based on a national classic, ''[[Bánk bán]]'' (1914), a tragedy written by [[József Katona]].<ref name="Balogh"/>

Later, the city was the production site of the 1991 Romanian drama ''Undeva în Est'' ("Somewhere in the East"),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Undeva în Est (1991) |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0103165/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816143531/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0103165/ |archive-date=16 August 2017 |access-date=2008-05-13 |publisher=IMDb}}</ref> and the 1995 Hungarian language film ''[[The Outpost (1995 film)|A Részleg]]'' ("Outpost").<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Részleg (1995) |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0114313/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181228231743/https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0114313/ |archive-date=28 December 2018 |access-date=2008-05-13 |publisher=IMDb}}</ref> Moreover, the Romanian-language film ''Cartier'' ("Neighbourhood", 2001) and its sequel ''Înapoi în cartier'' ("Back to the Neighbourhood", 2006) both feature a story replete with violence and rude language, behind the blocks in the city's [[Mănăștur]] district.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Enache |first=Cornel |title=Official website of the movie |url=http://www.filmulcartier.ro/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080205192325/http://www.filmulcartier.ro/ |archive-date=5 February 2008 |access-date=2008-03-16 |publisher=Page Cinema |language=ro}}</ref> This district is also mentioned in the lyrics to the song ''Înapoi în cartier'' by [[La Familia (rap group)|La Familia]] member Puya, featured on the soundtrack of the motion picture.

Documentary and mockumentary productions set in the city include [[Irshad Ashraf]]'s ''St. Richard of Austin'', a tribute to the American film director [[Richard Linklater]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=St. Richard of Austin (2004) (TV) |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0809945/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170624121233/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0809945/ |archive-date=24 June 2017 |access-date=2008-05-13 |publisher=IMDb}}</ref> and ''Cluj-Napocolonia'', a mockumentary imagining a fabulous city of the future.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cluj – Napocolonia (2006) |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0918505/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170209070031/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0918505/ |archive-date=9 February 2017 |access-date=2008-05-13 |publisher=IMDb}}</ref>