Editing Romanesque architecture (section)

====Stained glass====
{{further|Medieval stained glass}}
The oldest-known fragments of medieval pictorial [[stained glass]] appear to date from the 10th century. The earliest intact figures are five prophet windows at Augsburg, dating from the late 11th century. The figures, though stiff and formalised, demonstrate considerable proficiency in design, both pictorially and in the functional use of the glass, indicating that their maker was well accustomed to the medium. At Canterbury and Chartres Cathedrals, a number of panels of the 12th century have survived, including, at Canterbury, a figure of Adam digging, and another of his son Seth from a series of [[Ancestors of Christ]]. Adam represents a highly naturalistic and lively portrayal, while in the figure of Seth, the robes have been used to great decorative effect, similar to the best stone carving of the period.

Many of the magnificent [[Medieval stained glass|stained glass windows]] of France, including the famous windows of Chartres, date from the 13th century. Far fewer large windows remain intact from the 12th century. One such is the Crucifixion of Poitiers, a remarkable composition that rises through three stages, the lowest with a quatrefoil depicting the Martyrdom of St Peter, the largest central stage dominated by the crucifixion and the upper stage showing the [[Ascension of Christ]] in a mandorla. The figure of the crucified Christ is already showing the Gothic curve. The window is described by George Seddon as being of "unforgettable beauty".<ref name=GS>George Seddon in Lee, Seddon and Stephens, ''Stained Glass''</ref>

<gallery mode="packed" heights="300" perrow="1" caption="Stained glass from Germany, England and France. Note: the scale of the first three windows is similar.">
File:King David in Augsburg Cathedral light.JPG|King David from [[Augsburg Cathedral]], late 11th century. One of a series of prophets that are the oldest stained glass windows in situ.
File:Canterbury, Canterbury cathedral-stained glass 03 Seth and Adam.JPG|alt=Two panels of lively figures, Seth and Adam from the 12th-century Ancestors of Christ, Canterbury Cathedral, now set into a Perpendicular Gothic window with panels of many different dates.|Two panels of lively figures, Seth and Adam from the 12th-century [[Ancestors of Christ]], Canterbury Cathedral, now set into a Perpendicular Gothic window with panels of many different dates
File:Bas-côté nord, baie VI Otto II Rex (dernier tiers XIIe).jpg|alt=Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor, from a series of Emperors (12th and 13th centuries) The panels are now set into Gothic windows, Strasbourg Cathedral|[[Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor]], from a series of Emperors (12th and 13th centuries). The panels are now set into Gothic windows, [[Strasbourg Cathedral]].
File:David et Salomon, vitrail roman, Cathédrale de Strasbourg.jpg|alt=Detail of a small panel showing Kings David and Solomon set in an architectonic frame from a large window at Strasbourg. Late 12th century. The alternation of red and blue is a typical device of simpler window designs. It is approximately 1/3 the height, and is much less complex in execution than the Emperor series of which Otto II is a part.See left|Detail of a small panel showing Kings David and Solomon set in an architectonic frame from a large window at Strasbourg. Late 12th century. The alternation of red and blue is a typical device of simpler window designs. It is approximately 1/3 the height, and is much less complex in execution than the Emperor series of which Otto II is a part. <small>See left</small>
File:Poitiers, Cathédrale Saint-Pierre -PM 34985 lighter.JPG|alt=A rare and remarkable survival, of "unforgettable beauty", the very large Crucifixion window of Poitiers Cathedral, France.|A rare and remarkable survival, of "unforgettable beauty",<ref name= GS /> the very large Crucifixion window of [[Poitiers Cathedral]], France
</gallery>