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Grand Central Terminal
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=== Heyday === The terminal spurred development in the surrounding area, particularly in Terminal City, a commercial and office district created above where the tracks were covered.<ref name="nyt19300914" /><ref name="PS1931" /><ref name="Gray 2010" /> The development of Terminal City also included the construction of the [[Park Avenue Viaduct]], surrounding the station, in the 1920s.<ref>{{harvnb|ps=.|Langmead|2009|p=172}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Link Up Park Av. to Ease Congestion |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1919/04/17/archives/link-up-park-av-to-ease-congestion-civic-bodies-celebrate-opening.html |newspaper=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |date=April 17, 1919 |access-date=December 7, 2018 |archive-date=August 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200818094806/https://www.nytimes.com/1919/04/17/archives/link-up-park-av-to-ease-congestion-civic-bodies-celebrate-opening.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1928/09/02/105202500.pdf|title=New Viaduct Thoroughfare Relieves Park Avenue Traffic Congestion; Result of Many Years' Work|date=September 2, 1928|newspaper=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331|page=Real Estate, Page 123|access-date=December 7, 2018|archive-date=April 24, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424164515/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1928/09/02/105202500.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false|url-status=live}}</ref> The new electric service led to increased development in New York City's suburbs, and passenger traffic on the commuter lines into Grand Central more than doubled in the seven years following the terminal's completion.<ref>{{harvnb|ps=.|Schlichting|2001|pp=188}}</ref> Passenger traffic grew so rapidly that by 1918, New York Central proposed expanding Grand Central Terminal.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/26368762/|title=N.Y. Central Plans Broad Expansion|date=May 24, 1918|work=Buffalo Commercial|access-date=December 19, 2018|page=9|via=newspapers.com|archive-date=January 24, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240124055235/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-buffalo-commercial-ny-central-plan/26368762/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1923, the [[Grand Central Art Galleries]] opened in the terminal. A year after it opened, the galleries established the [[Grand Central School of Art]], which occupied {{convert|7000|sqft|m2}} on the seventh floor of the east wing of the terminal.<ref>{{cite news|title=New Art School Opens: Reception Held in Studios Over the Grand Central|newspaper=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1924/10/02/archives/gains-in-business-send-stocks-up-steel-and-car-orders-and-freight.html|date=October 2, 1924|page=27|access-date=March 3, 2010|archive-date=July 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703021855/https://www.nytimes.com/1924/10/02/archives/gains-in-business-send-stocks-up-steel-and-car-orders-and-freight.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Terminal Fire Not in Art School|newspaper=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1929/09/06/archives/terminal-fire-not-in-art-school.html|date=September 6, 1929|page=9|access-date=March 3, 2010|archive-date=March 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180317050231/https://www.nytimes.com/1929/09/06/archives/terminal-fire-not-in-art-school.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The Grand Central School of Art remained in the east wing until 1944,<ref>{{cite news|title=New Art School Opens: Reception Held in Studios Over the Grand Central|newspaper=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1924/10/02/archives/gains-in-business-send-stocks-up-steel-and-car-orders-and-freight.html|date=October 2, 1924|access-date=July 30, 2011|archive-date=July 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703021855/https://www.nytimes.com/1924/10/02/archives/gains-in-business-send-stocks-up-steel-and-car-orders-and-freight.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and it moved to the [[New York Biltmore Hotel|Biltmore Hotel]] in 1958.<ref>{{cite news | title=Galleries to End 36 Years in Depot; Grand Central Art Group to Move to Biltmore Hotel in March β Fete Held | website=The New York Times | issn=0362-4331 | date=October 31, 1958 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1958/10/31/archives/galleries-to-end-36-years-in-depot-grand-central-art-group-to-move.html | access-date=January 14, 2019 | archive-date=January 15, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190115024659/https://www.nytimes.com/1958/10/31/archives/galleries-to-end-36-years-in-depot-grand-central-art-group-to-move.html | url-status=live }}</ref>{{refn|group=N|They remained at the Biltmore for 23 years until 1981, and then moved to 24 West 57th Street, and ceased operations by 1994.<ref>{{cite web|title=A Finding Aid to the Grand Central Art Galleries records, 1931β1968, bulk circa 1952-circa 1965|website=Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution|url=https://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/grand-central-art-galleries-records-8254|date=November 14, 2018|access-date=December 7, 2018|archive-date=December 9, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209125927/https://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/grand-central-art-galleries-records-8254|url-status=live}}</ref>}}
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