Editing Flash memory (section)

===Shipments===
{{See also|Electronics industry|Transistor count}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center"
|+ Flash memory shipments ({{estimation}} manufactured units)
! Year(s)
! data-sort-type="number" | Discrete flash [[memory chip]]s
! data-sort-type="number" | Flash memory data capacity ([[gigabytes]])
! data-sort-type="number" | [[Floating-gate MOSFET]] [[memory cell (computing)|memory cells]] (billions)
|-
| 1992
| 26,000,000<ref name="Smithsonian">{{Cite web |year=1997 |title=The Flash Memory Market |url=http://smithsonianchips.si.edu/ice/cd/MEMORY97/SEC05.PDF#page=4 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419132956/http://smithsonianchips.si.edu/ice/cd/MEMORY97/SEC05.PDF#page=4 |archive-date=19 April 2023 |access-date=16 October 2019 |publisher=Integrated Circuit Engineering Corporation |page=4 |via=[[Smithsonian Institution]] }}</ref>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(256*9+512*5+1024*9+2048*2+4096*1+8192*0.1)*1024/8000000 round 1}}|}}<ref name="Smithsonian"/>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(256*9+512*5+1024*9+2048*2+4096*1+8192*0.1)*1024/1000000 round 0}}|}}{{efn|name=MLC|[[Single-level cell]] (1-[[bit]] per [[memory cell (computing)|cell]]) up until 2009. [[Multi-level cell]] (up to 4-bit or half-[[byte]] per cell) commercialised in 2009.<ref name="toshiba2009"/><ref name="toshiba-sd-2009"/>}}
|-
| 1993
| 73,000,000<ref name="Smithsonian"/>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(256*15+512*10+1024*32+2048*9+4096*18+8192*0.2)*1024/8000000 round 0}}|}}<ref name="Smithsonian"/>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(256*15+512*10+1024*32+2048*9+4096*18+8192*0.2)*1024/1000000 round 0}}|}}{{efn|name=MLC}}
|-
| 1994
| 112,000,000<ref name="Smithsonian"/>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(256*20+512*12+1024*45+2048*12+4096*18+8192*5+16384*0.1)*1024/8000000 round 0}}|}}<ref name="Smithsonian"/>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(256*20+512*12+1024*45+2048*12+4096*18+8192*5+16384*0.1)*1024/1000000 round 0}}|}}{{efn|name=MLC}}
|-
| 1995
| 235,000,000<ref name="Smithsonian"/>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(256*25+512*22+1024*82+2048*12+4096*18+8192*5+16384*3+32768*0.1)*1024/8000000 round 0}}|}}<ref name="Smithsonian"/>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(256*25+512*22+1024*82+2048*12+4096*18+8192*5+16384*3+32768*0.1)*1024/1000000 round 0}}|}}{{efn|name=MLC}}
|-
| 1996
| 359,000,000<ref name="Smithsonian"/>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(256*30+512*34+1024*105+2048*55+4096*85+8192*40+16384*9+32768*0.6+65536*0.1)*1024/8000000 round 0}}|}}<ref name="Smithsonian"/>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(256*30+512*34+1024*105+2048*55+4096*85+8192*40+16384*9+32768*0.6+65536*0.1)*1024/1000000 round 0}}|}}{{efn|name=MLC}}
|-
| 1997
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(0.2+32+135+150+160)*1000000}}|}}+<ref name="Cappelletti">{{cite book |last1=Cappelletti |first1=Paulo |last2=Golla |first2=Carla |last3=Olivo |first3=Piero |last4=Zanoni |first4=Enrico |title=Flash Memories |date=2013 |publisher=[[Springer Science & Business Media]] |isbn=9781461550150 |page=32 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cHzrBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA32}}</ref>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(64*1+16*32+8*135+4*150+1*160)*(1024*1024)/1000000/8 round 0}}|}}+<ref name="Cappelletti"/>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(64*1+16*32+8*135+4*150+1*160)*(1024*1024)/1000000 round 0}}|}}+{{efn|name=MLC}}
|-
| 1998
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:1800000000/1.44/1.64 round 0}}|}}<ref>{{cite journal |title=Not Flashing Quite As Fast |journal=Electronic Business |date=2000 |volume=26 |issue=7–13 |page=504 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e6mzAAAAIAAJ |publisher=[[Cahners Publishing Company]] |quote=Unit shipments increased 64% in 1999 from the prior year, and are forecast to increase 44% to 1.8 billion units in 2000.}}</ref>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(64*2+16*60+8*185+4*180+1*185)*(1024*1024)/1000000/8 round 0}}|}}+<ref name="Cappelletti"/>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(64*2+16*60+8*185+4*180+1*185)*(1024*1024)/1000000 round 0}}|}}+{{efn|name=MLC}}
|-
| 1999
| rowspan="2" | 12,800,000,000<ref name="evolution-of-nonvol-mem">{{Cite web |last=Sze |first=Simon Min |title=Evolution of Nonvoltatile Semiconductor Memory: From Invention to Nanocrystal Memory |url=https://indico.cern.ch/event/422861/attachments/891704/1255315/Sze_26APR05.pdf#page=41 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102132745/https://indico.cern.ch/event/422861/attachments/891704/1255315/Sze_26APR05.pdf#page=41 |archive-date=2 November 2023 |access-date=22 October 2019 |website=[[CERN]] |publisher=[[National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University]] |page=41 }}</ref>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(64*13+16*105+8*165+4*200+1*215)*(1024*1024)/1000000/8 round 0}}|}}+<ref name="Cappelletti"/>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:(64*13+16*105+8*165+4*200+1*215)*(1024*1024)/1000000 round 0}}|}}+{{efn|name=MLC}}
|-
| 2000{{ndash}}2004
| rowspan="8" | {{formatnum:{{#expr:125*(1024*1024*1024)}}|}} (NAND)<ref name="Forbes">{{Cite magazine |last=Handy |first=Jim |date=26 May 2014 |title=How Many Transistors Have Ever Shipped? |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jimhandy/2014/05/26/how-many-transistors-have-ever-shipped/ |url-status=live |magazine=[[Forbes]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102131132/https://www.forbes.com/sites/jimhandy/2014/05/26/how-many-transistors-have-ever-shipped/?sh=39d954484425 |archive-date=2 November 2023 |access-date=21 October 2019 }}</ref>
| rowspan="8" | {{formatnum:{{#expr:125*(1024*1024*1024)*8}}|}} (NAND)<ref name="Forbes"/>
|-
| 2005{{ndash}}2007
| {{?}}
|-
| 2008
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:1160000000/0.946 round 0}}|}} (mobile NAND)<ref name="dramexchange">{{Cite news |date=30 December 2008 |title=Markit View: Major events in the 2008 DRAM industry; End application demand remains weak, 2009 NAND Flash demand bit growth being revised down to 81% |work=DRAMeXchange |url=https://www.dramexchange.com/WeeklyResearch/Post/2/1911.html |url-status=live |access-date=16 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415091001/https://www.dramexchange.com/WeeklyResearch/Post/2/1911.html |archive-date=15 April 2023 }}</ref>
|-
| 2009
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:1160000000/0.946 round 0}}|}}+ (mobile NAND)
|-
| 2010
| 7,280,000,000+{{efn|Flash [[memory chip]] shipments in 2010:
*NOR {{ndash}} 3.64{{nbsp}}billion<ref name="ihs-20110609">{{Cite press release |date=9 June 2011 |title=NOR Flash Memory Finds Growth Opportunities in Tablets and E-Book Readers |url=https://technology.ihs.com/389310/nor-flash-memory-finds-growth-opportunities-in-tablets-and-e-book-readers |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016173757/https://technology.ihs.com/389310/nor-flash-memory-finds-growth-opportunities-in-tablets-and-e-book-readers |archive-date=16 October 2019 |access-date=16 October 2019 |publisher=[[IHS Markit]] |work=IHS Technology }}</ref>
*NAND {{ndash}} 3.64{{nbsp}}billion+ ({{estimation}})
}}
|-
| 2011
| 8,700,000,000<ref name="koreatimes-20120829">{{Cite news |date=29 August 2012 |title=Samsung to unveil new mass-storage memory cards |work=[[The Korea Times]] |url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/tech/2019/06/693_118515.html |url-status=live |access-date=16 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102132835/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/tech/2019/06/693_118515.html |archive-date=2 November 2023 }}</ref>
|-
| 2012
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:1700000000/(33/100) round 0}}|}} ([[#Serial flash|serial]])<ref name="winbond-20130410">{{Cite press release |date=10 April 2013 |title=Winbond Top Serial Flash Memory Supplier Worldwide, Ships 1.7 Billion Units in 2012, Ramps 58nm Production |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20130410005060/en/Winbond-Top-Serial-Flash-Memory-Supplier-Worldwide |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102131008/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20130410005060/en/Winbond-Top-Serial-Flash-Memory-Supplier-Worldwide |archive-date=2 November 2023 |access-date=16 October 2019 |publisher=[[Winbond]] |place=San Jose, Calif. & Taichung, Taiwan |via=[[Business Wire]] }}</ref>
|-
| 2013
| {{?}}
|-
| 2014
| {{?}}
| 59,000,000,000<ref name="kitguru">{{Cite news |last=Shilov |first=Anton |date=1 October 2015 |title=Samsung: NAND flash industry will triple output to 253EB by 2020 |work=KitGuru |url=https://www.kitguru.net/components/hard-drives/anton-shilov/samsung-nand-flash-industry-will-triple-output-to-253eb-by-2020/ |url-status=live |access-date=16 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107110422/https://www.kitguru.net/components/hard-drives/anton-shilov/samsung-nand-flash-industry-will-triple-output-to-253eb-by-2020/ |archive-date=7 November 2023 }}</ref>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:59000000000*2}}|}}+{{efn|name=MLC}}
|-
| 2015
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:10000000000/1.3 round 0}}|}} (NAND)<ref name="nikkei-20160721">{{Cite news |date=21 July 2016 |title=Flash memory prices rebound as makers introduce larger-capacity chips |work=[[Nikkei Asian Review]] |publisher=[[Nikkei, Inc.]] |url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Flash-memory-prices-rebound-as-makers-introduce-larger-capacity-chips |url-status=live |access-date=16 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102131915/https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Flash-memory-prices-rebound-as-makers-introduce-larger-capacity-chips |archive-date=2 November 2023 }}</ref>
| 85,000,000,000<ref name="seekingalpha-20160830">{{Cite web |last=Tidwell |first=William |date=30 August 2016 |title=Data 9, Storage 1 - NAND Production Falls Behind in the Age of Hyperscale |url=https://seekingalpha.com/article/4002948-data-9-storage-1-nand-production-falls-behind-age-hyperscale |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418183504/https://seekingalpha.com/article/4002948-data-9-storage-1-nand-production-falls-behind-in-age-of-hyperscale |archive-date=18 April 2023 |access-date=17 October 2019 |website=[[Seeking Alpha]] |publisher=[[Micron]] }}</ref>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:85000000000*2}}|}}+{{efn|name=MLC}}
|-
| 2016
| {{?}}
| 100,000,000,000<ref>{{cite book |last1=Coughlin |first1=Thomas M. |title=Digital Storage in Consumer Electronics: The Essential Guide |date=2017 |publisher=Springer |isbn=9783319699073 |page=217 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K2dCDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA217}}</ref>
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:100000000000*2}}|}}+{{efn|name=MLC}}
|-
| 2017
| {{?}}
| 148,200,000,000{{efn|Flash memory data capacity shipments in 2017:
*NAND [[non-volatile memory]] (NVM) {{ndash}} 85{{nbsp}}[[exabytes]] ({{estimation}})<ref name="IDC">{{Cite web |last1=Reinsel |first1=David |last2=Gantz |first2=John |last3=Rydning |first3=John |date=November 2018 |title=IDC White Paper: The Digitization of the World |url=https://www.seagate.com/files/www-content/our-story/trends/files/idc-seagate-dataage-whitepaper.pdf#page=14 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128141338/https://www.seagate.com/files/www-content/our-story/trends/files/idc-seagate-dataage-whitepaper.pdf#page=14 |archive-date=28 November 2023 |access-date=17 October 2019 |website=[[Seagate Technology]] |publisher=[[International Data Corporation]] |page=14 |id=US44413318 }}</ref>
*[[Solid-state drive]] (SSD) {{ndash}} 63.2{{nbsp}}exabytes<ref name="register-20180228">{{Cite news |last=Mellor |first=Chris |date=28 February 2018 |title=Who was the storage dollar daddy in 2017? S. S. D |work=[[The Register]] |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/02/28/crossover_ssd_dollars_exceeded_disk_drive_dollars_in_2017/ |url-status=live |access-date=17 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110163436/https://www.theregister.com/2018/02/28/crossover_ssd_dollars_exceeded_disk_drive_dollars_in_2017/ |archive-date=10 November 2023 }}</ref>
}}
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:148200000000*2}}|}}+{{efn|name=MLC}}
|-
| 2018
| {{?}}
| 231,640,000,000{{efn|Flash memory data capacity shipments in 2018 ({{estimation}})
*NAND NVM {{ndash}} 140{{nbsp}}exabytes<ref name="IDC"/>
*SSD {{ndash}} {{#expr:63.2*1.45}}{{nbsp}}exabytes<ref name="trendfocus-20190307">{{Cite press release |date=7 March 2019 |title=Combined SSD, HDD Storage Shipped Jumps 21% to 912 Exabytes in 2018 |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190307005812/en/TRENDFOCUS-Combined-SSD-HDD-Storage-Shipped-Jumps |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102133652/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190307005812/en/TRENDFOCUS-Combined-SSD-HDD-Storage-Shipped-Jumps |archive-date=2 November 2023 |access-date=17 October 2019 |publisher=TRENDFOCUS |place=Cupertino, Calif. |via=[[Business Wire]] }}</ref>
}}
| {{formatnum:{{#expr:231640000000*2}}|}}+{{efn|name=MLC}}
|-
| 2019
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|-
| 2020
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
| {{?}}
|-
! 1992{{ndash}}2020
! 45,358,454,134+ memory chips
! 758,057,729,630+ gigabytes
! 2,321,421,837,044{{nbsp}}billion+ cells
|}

In addition to individual flash memory chips, flash memory is also [[embedded system|embedded]] in [[microcontroller]] (MCU) chips and [[system-on-chip]] (SoC) devices.<ref name="arm">{{Cite conference |last=Yiu |first=Joseph |date=February 2015 |title=Design of SoC for High Reliability Systems with Embedded Processors |url=https://community.arm.com/cfs-file/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/01-2142-00-00-00-00-70-29/Embedded-SoC-Design-for-High-Reliability-Systems-1.02.pdf |conference=Embedded World 2015 |publisher=[[Arm Holdings|ARM]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204181327/https://community.arm.com/cfs-file/__key/telligent-evolution-components-attachments/01-2142-00-00-00-00-70-29/Embedded-SoC-Design-for-High-Reliability-Systems-1.02.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2023 |access-date=23 October 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> Flash memory is embedded in [[ARM chips]],<ref name="arm"/> which have sold 150{{nbsp}}billion units worldwide {{as of|2019|lc=y}},<ref name="anandtech-20191008">{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Ryan |date=8 October 2019 |title=Arm TechCon 2019 Keynote Live Blog (Starts at 10am PT/17:00 UTC) |work=[[AnandTech]] |url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/14959/arm-techcon-2019-keynote-live-blog |url-status=live |access-date=15 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121113816/https://www.anandtech.com/show/14959/arm-techcon-2019-keynote-live-blog |archive-date=21 November 2023 }}</ref> and in [[programmable system-on-chip]] (PSoC) devices, which have sold 1.1{{nbsp}}billion units {{as of|2012|lc=yes}}.<ref name="cypress">{{cite web |title=2011 Annual Report |url=http://investors.cypress.com/static-files/62237288-5a22-4903-9ef8-3719d37ea699 |website=[[Cypress Semiconductor]] |year=2012 |access-date=16 October 2019 |archive-date=16 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016115727/http://investors.cypress.com/static-files/62237288-5a22-4903-9ef8-3719d37ea699 |url-status=dead }}</ref> This adds up to at least 151.1{{nbsp}}billion MCU and SoC chips with embedded flash memory, in addition to the 45.4{{nbsp}}billion known individual flash chip sales {{as of|2015|lc=y}}, totalling at least 196.5{{nbsp}}billion chips containing flash memory.