Editing March First Movement (section)

=== Japan ===
{{See also|Zainichi Koreans}}
Koreans who arrived in Japan before 1945 (called "Zainichi Koreans") and their descendents have commemorated the movement on an annual basis.{{Sfn|최|2009|pp=208–209}} Commemorations were more possible in the countryside than in the cities, as pressure from Japanese authorities was lower there.{{Sfn|최|2009|pp=211–212|p=}} On a number of occasions, Koreans used unrelated events, such as school concerts and union meetings, as covers for commemoration ceremonies and rallies. Police officers arrived to break up some rallies.{{Sfn|최|2009|pp=208–209}} On a number of occasions, Koreans held surprise mass demonstrations in the open. In 1921, Korean students held a rally in [[Hibiya Park]] in Tokyo. The police were reportedly surprised by its occurrence, and rushed to gather officers in order to disperse it. In 1923, around 300 Korean students approached [[Ueno Park]] in order to conduct another rally, but found that Japanese police had already been stationed there in high concentrations. The Koreans reportedly conducted the protest regardless.{{Sfn|최|2009|pp=208–209}} In 1925, a rally at [[Tokyo Imperial University]] led to violent clashes with police, the involvement of the military to suppress the unrest, and ten arrests.{{Sfn|최|2009|pp=|p=211}}