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Occitan language
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==Samples== [[File:VirgendeLourdes.JPG|thumb|upright=1.15|According to the testimony of [[Bernadette Soubirous]], the Virgin Mary spoke to her ([[Lourdes]], 25 March 1858) in Gascon saying: {{lang|oc|Que soy era Immaculada Councepciou}} ("I am the [[Immaculate Conception]]", the phrase is reproduced under this statue in the Lourdes grotto with a Mistralian/Febusian spelling), confirming the proclamation of this Catholic dogma four years earlier.]] [[File:Abbaye de Sorde-Déploration-20110616.jpg|thumb|Inscription in Occitan in the Abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde, [[Sorde-l'Abbaye]]: "Blessed are those who die in the Lord."]] One of the most notable passages of Occitan in Western literature occurs in the 26th ''canto'' of [[Dante Alighieri|Dante]]'s {{lang|it|[[Purgatorio]]}} in which the troubadour [[Arnaut Daniel]] responds to the narrator: :{{lang|oc|Tan m'abellís vostre cortés deman, / qu'ieu no me puesc ni voill a vos cobrire. / Ieu sui Arnaut, que plor e vau cantan; / consirós vei la passada folor, / e vei jausen lo joi qu'esper, denan. / Ara vos prec, per aquella valor / que vos guida al som de l'escalina, / sovenha vos a temps de ma dolor.}} :Modern Occitan: {{lang|oc|Tan m'abelís vòstra cortesa demanda, / que ieu non-pòdi ni vòli m'amagar de vos. / Ieu soi Arnaut, que plori e vau cantant; / consirós vesi la foliá passada, / e vesi joiós lo jorn qu'espèri, davant. / Ara vos prègui, per aquela valor / que vos guida al som de l'escalièr, / sovenhatz-vos tot còp de ma dolor.}} The above strophe translates to: :So pleases me your courteous demand, / I cannot and I will not hide me from you. / I am Arnaut, who weep and singing go;/ Contrite I see the folly of the past, / And joyous see the hoped-for day before me. / Therefore do I implore you, by that power/ Which guides you to the summit of the stairs, / Be mindful to assuage my suffering! Another notable Occitan quotation, this time from Arnaut Daniel's own 10th ''Canto'': :{{lang|oc|"Ieu sui Arnaut qu'amas l'aura}} :{{lang|oc|e chatz le lebre ab lo bou}} :{{lang|oc|e nadi contra suberna"}} Modern Occitan: :{{lang|oc|"Ieu soi Arnaut qu'aimi l'aura}} :{{lang|oc|e caci [chaci] la lèbre amb lo buòu}} :{{lang|oc|e nadi contra subèrna.}} Translation: :"I am Arnaut who loves the wind, :and chases the hare with the ox, :and swims against the torrent." French writer [[Victor Hugo]]'s classic ''[[Les Misérables]]'' also contains some Occitan. In Part One, First Book, Chapter IV, "{{lang|fr|Les œuvres semblables aux paroles|italic=no}}", one can read about [[Bishop Myriel|Monseigneur Bienvenu]]: :"{{lang|fr|Né provençal, il s'était facilement familiarisé avec tous les patois du midi. Il disait: —|italic=no}} {{lang|oc|E ben, monsur, sètz saget?}} {{lang|fr|comme dans le bas Languedoc. —|italic=no}} {{lang|oc|Ont anaratz passar?}} {{lang|fr|comme dans les basses Alpes. —|italic=no}} {{lang|oc|Pòrti un bon moton amb un bon formatge gras}}, {{lang|fr|comme dans le haut Dauphiné. [...] Parlant toutes les langues, il entrait dans toutes les âmes.|italic=no}}" Translation: :"Born a Provençal, he easily familiarized himself with the dialect of the south. He would say, {{lang|oc|E ben, monsur, sètz saget?}} as in lower Languedoc; {{lang|oc|Ont anaratz passar?}} as in the Basses-Alpes; {{lang|oc|Pòrti un bon moton amb un bon formatge gras}} as in upper Dauphiné. [...] As he spoke all tongues, he entered into all hearts." :{{lang|oc|E ben, monsur, sètz saget?}}: So, Mister, everything's fine? :{{lang|oc|Ont anaratz passar?}}: Which way will you go? :{{lang|oc|Pòrti un bon moton amb un bon formatge gras}}: I brought some fine mutton with a fine fat cheese The Spanish playwright [[Lope de Rueda]] included a Gascon servant for comical effect in one of his short pieces, ''La generosa paliza''.<ref name="Rueda">''[http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/servlet/SirveObras/01159741097810429650035/p0000001.htm Registro de Representantes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070828104958/http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/servlet/SirveObras/01159741097810429650035/p0000001.htm |date=28 August 2007 }}'' by Lope de Rueda, in Spanish. Peirutón speaks a mix of Gascon and Catalan.</ref> [[John Barnes (author)|John Barnes]]'s ''Thousand Cultures'' science fiction series (''[[A Million Open Doors]]'', 1992; ''[[Earth Made of Glass]]'', 1998; ''[[The Merchants of Souls]]'', 2001; and ''[[The Armies of Memory]]'', 2006), features Occitan. So does the 2005 best-selling novel ''[[Labyrinth (book)|Labyrinth]]'' by English author [[Kate Mosse]]. It is set in [[Carcassonne]], where she owns a house and spends half of the year. The French composer [[Joseph Canteloube]] created five sets of folk songs entitled ''[[Songs of the Auvergne]]'', in which the lyrics are in the Auvergne dialect of Occitan. The orchestration strives to conjure vivid pastoral scenes of yesteryear. [[Michael Crichton]] features Occitan in his ''[[Timeline (novel)|Timeline]]'' novel.
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