Editing Improvised explosive device (section)

===Vietnam===
IEDs were used during the [[Vietnam War]] by the [[National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam|Viet Cong]] against land- and river-borne vehicles as well as personnel.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/vietnam/minesouthviet.htm |title=Mine Warfare in South Vietnam |publisher=History.navy.mil |access-date=18 October 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040427055646/http://history.navy.mil/wars/vietnam/minesouthviet.htm|archive-date=April 27, 2004}}</ref> They were commonly constructed using materials from unexploded American [[Unexploded ordnance|ordnance]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/vietnam/series/pt_05.html |title=American Experience &#124; Vietnam Online &#124; Transcript &#124; PBS |publisher=pbs.org |access-date=18 October 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050912160532/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/vietnam/series/pt_05.html|archive-date=September 12, 2005}}</ref> Thirty-three percent of U.S. casualties in Vietnam and twenty-eight percent of deaths were officially attributed to mines; these figures include losses caused by both IEDs and commercially manufactured mines.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1997/gen1/General-03.htm |title=In Its Own Words |publisher=Hrw.org |access-date=18 October 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815201437/https://www.hrw.org/reports/1997/gen1/General-03.htm|archive-date=August 15, 2022}}</ref>