Editing Search and rescue (section)

=== United States ===
{{Main|Search and rescue in the United States}}

[[Image:US Navy 091108-N-5812W-004 The U.S. Coast Guard demonstrates how they conduct a search and rescue during the 2009 Sea and Sky Spectacular.jpg|right|thumb|US Coast Guard [[Eurocopter HH-65 Dolphin]] SAR helicopter]]
[[Image:US Coast Guard helicopter rescue demonstration.jpg|right|thumb|US Coast Guard [[Sikorsky HH-60 Jayhawk]] SAR helicopter]]

In the United States there are many organisations with SAR responsibilities at the national, state and local level. Most day-to-day SAR missions in the US are run by the County Sheriffs,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sccssar.org/resources/faq|website=Santa Clara County Sheriff Search and Rescue|title = Frequently Asked Questions}}</ref> except in states like [[Alaska]], where the State Highway Patrol oversees SAR, or in other areas where SAR services are part of [[Fire department|fire/rescue]], [[Emergency medical services|EMS]], or a wholly separate, [[Nonprofit organization|non-profit]] organisation. They in turn, can request help from other departments, as well as state and national resources if they think they need them. A typical Sheriff's Office has a volunteer SAR team that matches the terrain and population of that county. SAR members are typically trained in the Incident Command System (ICS),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mra.org/ics-training/|title=Incident Command System (ICS) Training|website = Mountain Rescue Association}}</ref> first aid, and the outdoor skills needed in that terrain and climate. Most of this article is about the federal response to assist large complicated SAR missions.

In January 2008, the [[United States Department of Homeland Security]] (DHS) released the [[National Response Framework]] which serves as the guiding document for a federal response during a national emergency.  Search and Rescue is divided into four primary elements, while assigning a federal agency with the lead role for each of the four elements.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fema.gov/pdf/emergency/nrf/nrf-annexes-all.pdf,|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211072903/http://www.fema.gov/pdf/emergency/nrf/nrf-annexes-all.pdf|url-status = dead|title=Section ESF #9-1|archive-date=11 December 2013}}</ref>
* Structural Collapse-USAR: [[Department of Homeland Security]] [[Federal Emergency Management Agency]]
* Waterborne: [[United States Coast Guard]], [[United States Coast Guard Auxiliary]]
* Inland-wilderness: [[United States Department of Interior]], [[National Park Service]]
* Aeronautical: [[United States Air Force]] via the [[Air Force Rescue Coordination Center]] and USAF rescue wings, groups and squadrons in the [[Air Combat Command]], [[Pacific Air Forces]] (for Alaska and Hawaii), [[Air Education and Training Command]], [[Air Force Reserve Command]] and the [[Air National Guard]]; the [[Civil Air Patrol]] in its role as the USAF Auxiliary; and the [[United States Navy]] and [[United States Marine Corps]], both Active and Reserve (secondary missions for land-based USN maritime patrol and reconnaissance squadrons and land-based and sea-based USN/USMC helicopter squadrons)

SAR standards adopted by agencies having jurisdiction are developed primarily by non-governmental organisations, including [[ASTM International]] and [[National Fire Protection Association]].  These standards are adopted also by training and certification organisations such as [[Mountain Rescue Association]] and [[National Association for Search and Rescue]] to develop training that will meet or exceed those standards.<ref name="ASTM">{{cite web|url = http://www.astm.org/cgi-bin/SoftCart.exe/COMMIT/COMMITTEE/F32.htm?L+memberstore+ooef3203+1171348303|title = Committee F32 on Search and Rescue|access-date = 24 February 2008|last = O'Toole|first = Thomas F.|date = n.d.}}</ref> Within ASTM International, standards specific to SAR are developed by Technical Committee F32 on Search and Rescue. Formed in 1988, the committee had 85 current members and jurisdiction of 38 approved standards.<ref name="ASTM"/>