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=== Sources === {{refbegin}} * {{Cite book |last = Abercrombie |first = David |year = 1967 |title = Elements of General Phonetics |location = Edinburgh |publisher = [[Edinburgh University Press]] |isbn = 978-0-85224-451-7 }} * {{cite book |last1=Eberhard |first1=David M. |last2=Simons |first2=Gary F. |last3=Fennig |first3=Charles D. |title=Ethnologue: Languages of the World |url=http://www.ethnologue.com |year=2020 |publisher=SIL International |location=Dallas, Texas |edition=23rd |access-date=22 June 2002 |archive-date=6 April 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060406012854/http://www.ethnologue.com/ |url-status=live }} * {{cite book |last1=Butt |first1=John |last2=Benjamin |first2=Carmen |title=A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish |url=https://archive.org/details/newreferencegram0000butt |url-access=registration |year=2011 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |isbn=978-1-4441-3769-9 |edition=5th }} * {{cite book |last=Cressey |first=William Whitney |year=1978 |title=Spanish Phonology and Morphology: A Generative View |location=Washington, D.C. |publisher=Georgetown University Press |isbn=0-87840-045-1 }} * {{cite book |last=Dalby |first=Andrew |year=1998 |title=Dictionary of Languages: The Definitive Reference to More Than 400 Languages |publisher=Columbia University Press |isbn=0-231-11568-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yKSeVLghcfQC&q=how+well+do+spanish+speakers+understand+portuguese%3F&pg=PA501 |access-date=28 October 2020 |archive-date=17 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817044903/https://books.google.com/books?id=yKSeVLghcfQC&q=how+well+do+spanish+speakers+understand+portuguese%3F&pg=PA501 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last=Eddington |first=David |year=2000 |title=Spanish Stress Assignment within the Analogical Modeling of Language |journal=Language |volume=76 |issue=1 |pages=92–109 |url=http://linguistics.byu.edu/faculty/eddingtond/STRESS.pdf |doi=10.2307/417394 |jstor=417394 |access-date=7 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130708183631/http://linguistics.byu.edu/faculty/eddingtond/STRESS.pdf |archive-date=8 July 2013 |url-status=dead }} * {{Cite book |last1 = Ginsburgh |first1 = Victor |last2 = Weber |first2 = Shlomo |year = 2011 |title = How Many Languages Do We Need?: The Economics of Linguistic Diversity |publisher = Princeton University Press |isbn = 978-0-691-13689-9 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=4QX8ri2o1TUC&q=how+well+do+spanish+speakers+understand+portuguese%3F&pg=PA90 |access-date = 28 October 2020 |archive-date = 16 August 2021 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210816181041/https://books.google.com/books?id=4QX8ri2o1TUC&q=how+well+do+spanish+speakers+understand+portuguese%3F&pg=PA90 |url-status = live }} * {{Cite journal |last = Harris |first = James |year = 1967 |title = Sound Change in Spanish and the Theory of Markedness |journal = Language |volume = 45 |issue = 3 |pages = 538–52 |doi = 10.2307/411438 |jstor = 411438 }} * {{Cite book |last=Hualde |first=José Ignacio |year=2014 |title=Los sonidos del español |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-16823-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1a3CAQAAQBAJ&q=%22fonemas+conson%C3%A1nticos%22&pg=PR14 |access-date=28 October 2020 |archive-date=10 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210143921/https://books.google.com/books?id=1a3CAQAAQBAJ&q=%22fonemas+conson%C3%A1nticos%22&pg=PR14 |url-status=live }} * {{Cite journal |last = Jensen |first = John B. |year = 1989 |title = On the Mutual Intelligibility of Spanish and Portuguese |journal = Hispania |volume = 72 |issue = 4 |pages = 848–852 |jstor = 343562 |doi = 10.2307/343562 }} * {{Cite book |last1=Ladefoged |first1=Peter |last2=Johnson |first2=Keith |author-link=Peter Ladefoged |year=2010 |title=A Course in Phonetics |edition=6th |publisher=Wadsworth Publishing |location=Boston |isbn=978-1-4282-3126-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjLc1XtqJUUC |access-date=17 June 2015 |archive-date=24 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324222411/https://books.google.com/books?id=FjLc1XtqJUUC |url-status=live }} * {{Cite journal |last1 = Martínez-Celdrán |first1 = Eugenio |last2 = Fernández-Planas |first2 = Ana Ma. |last3 = Carrera-Sabaté |first3 = Josefina |year = 2003 |title = Castilian Spanish |journal = Journal of the International Phonetic Association |volume = 33 |issue = 2 |pages = 255–59 |doi = 10.1017/S0025100303001373 |doi-broken-date = 1 November 2024 |doi-access = free }} * {{Cite book |last1=Moreno Fernández |first1=Francisco |last2=Otero Roth |first2=Jaime |author-link=Francisco Moreno Fernández |year=2008 |title=Atlas de la lengua española en el mundo |location=Barcelona |publisher=Ariel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yrUSulWCJxUC |isbn=9788408084358 |access-date=4 December 2023 |archive-date=22 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240122225405/https://books.google.com/books?id=yrUSulWCJxUC |url-status=live }} * {{Cite book |last=Penny |first=Ralph |year=1991 |title=A History of the Spanish Language |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-39784-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZjcrhyQlFa0C&q=four+spheres |access-date=28 October 2020 |archive-date=14 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814152615/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZjcrhyQlFa0C&q=four+spheres |url-status=live }} * {{Cite book |last=Penny |first=Ralph |year=2000 |title=Variation and Change in Spanish |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-78045-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/variationchangei0000penn |url-access=registration }} * {{Cite web | url = http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Excel-Data/DB04_Population_ByAgeSex_Annual/WPP2010_DB4_F1B_POPULATION_BY_AGE_BOTH_SEXES_ANNUAL_2011-2100.XLS | publisher = UN | title = Population by age, both sexes, annual; estimate for 2012 | format = XLS | ref = {{harvid | UN | 2011}} | access-date = 11 March 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130115100615/http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Excel-Data/DB04_Population_ByAgeSex_Annual/WPP2010_DB4_F1B_POPULATION_BY_AGE_BOTH_SEXES_ANNUAL_2011-2100.XLS | archive-date = 15 January 2013 | url-status = dead }} * {{cite book |last=Rubino |first=Carl |chapter=Zamboangueño Chavacano and the Potentive Mode. |year=2008 |title=Roots of Creole Structures: Weighing the Contribution of Substrates and Superstrates |editor-last=Michaelis |editor-first=Susanne |publisher=Benjamins |location=Amsterdam |pages=279–299 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pPUeQLcGMOMC&q=rubino |isbn=978-90-272-5255-5 |access-date=28 October 2020 |archive-date=19 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201219223029/https://books.google.com/books?id=pPUeQLcGMOMC&q=rubino |url-status=live }} * {{Cite journal |first=Ángeles |year=2011 |last=Vicente |title=La presencia de la lengua española en el Norte de África y su interacción con el árabe marroquí |url=https://www.academia.edu/2535550 |journal=Revista Internacional de Lingüística Iberoamericana |volume=9 |issue=2 |jstor=41678471 |page=62 |access-date=3 December 2023 |archive-date=22 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240122225403/https://www.academia.edu/2535550 |url-status=live }} * {{Cite book |last = Zamora Vicente |first = Alonso |year = 1967 |title = Dialectología española |location = Madrid |publisher = Gredos |url = https://archive.org/details/dialectologiaesp0000alon/mode/2up |url-access = registration |isbn = 978-8-424-91115-7 }} {{refend}}
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