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==== Asia ==== * Spring – Emperor [[Emperor Xuanzong of Jin|Xuan Zong]] of the [[Jurchen people|Jurchen]]-led Chinese [[Jin dynasty (1115β1234)|Jin dynasty]] surrenders to the Mongols under [[Genghis khan]] β who have besieged the capital of [[Zhongdu]] (modern-day [[Beijing]]) for a year. He is forced to pay [[tribute]] (including some 3,000 horses, 10,000 'bolts' of silk and his daughter), along with subjugation to the Mongol Khan. Xuan Zong abandons northern China and moves his court to [[Kaifeng]].<ref>Man, John (2011). ''Genghis Khan: Life, Death and Resurrection'', pp. 169β170. {{ISBN|978-0-553-81498-9}}.</ref> * After securing all Jin lands north of the [[Yellow River]], Genghis Khan receives a message that Xuan Zong has moved his capital to Kaifeng. He returns to Zhongdu and precedes the city with the help of thousands of Chinese engineers. The Mongols starve the city out (the inhabitants are forced to eat the dead). The garrison, with a short supply of ammunition for the cannons holds out for the winter.<ref>Man, John (2011). ''Genghis Khan: Life, Death and Resurrection'', p. 171. {{ISBN|978-0-553-81498-9}}.</ref> * In his campaigns in [[Liaodong Peninsula|Liaodong]], the Mongol general [[Muqali]] (or Mukhali) forms a newly [[Khitan people|Khitan]]-Chinese army and a special corps of some 12,000 Chinese auxiliary troops.
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