Editing 1638 in science (section)

==Births==
* January 1 (<small>[[Old Style and New Style dates|NS]] January 11</small>) – [[Nicolas Steno]], [[Danes|Danish]] pioneer of [[geology]] (died [[1686 in science|1686]])
* March 28 – [[Frederik Ruysch]], [[Dutch people|Dutch]] [[physician]] and [[anatomist]] (died [[1731 in science|1731]])
* April 19 - [[Niccolao Manucci]], [[Italian People|Italian]] physician, writer and traveller (died [[1717 in science|1717]])
* May 11 – [[Guy-Crescent Fagon]], [[French people|French]] physician and [[botanist]] (died [[1718 in science|1718]])
* June 8 – [[Pierre Magnol]], French [[botanist]] (died [[1715 in science|1715]])
* June 29 - [[Heinrich Meibom (doctor)|Heinrich Meibom]], German physician and scholar (died [[1700 in science|1700]])
* July 22 - [[Theodor Kerckring]], Dutch anatomist and chemical physician (died [[1693 in science|1693]])
* November 21 - [[Luca Tozzi]], Italian physician (died [[1717 in science|1717]])
* November – [[James Gregory (mathematician)|James Gregory]], [[Scottish people|Scottish]] [[mathematician]] and [[astronomer]] (died [[1675 in science|1675]])
* [[Paolo Falconieri]], [[Florence|Florentine]] [[polymath]] (died [[1704 in science|1704]])