Editing 1758 in science (section)

==Zoology==
* January 1 – Swedish biologist [[Carl Linnaeus]] (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'']], the starting point of modern [[zoological nomenclature]], introducing [[binomial nomenclature]] for animals to his established system of [[Linnaean taxonomy]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Niles|last=Eldredge|author-link=Niles Eldredge|title=Life on Earth: A-G|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2002|pages=477–478}}</ref> Among the first examples of his system of identifying an organism by genus and then species, Linnaeus identifies the [[lamprey]] with the name ''Petromyzon marinus''.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Use of Numerals for Specific Names in Systematic Zoology|first=David Starr|last=Jordan|journal=Science|date=1911-03-10|page=372}}</ref> He introduces the term ''[[Homo sapiens]]''. (Date of January 1 assigned retrospectively.)<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosted-sites/iczn/code/index.jsp?article=3&nfv=true|chapter=Article 3|title=International Code of Zoological Nomenclature|author=International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature|author-link=International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature|edition=4th|isbn=0-85301-006-4|year=1999}}</ref>