Editing 1801 in science (section)

==Medicine==
* [[Xavier Bichat]] publishes his ''Anatomie générale''.
* [[Philippe Pinel]] publishes ''Traité médico-philosophique sur l'aliénation mentale; ou la manie'', presenting his enlightened humane psychological approach to the management of [[psychiatric hospital]]s. Translated into English by [[David Daniel Davis|D. D. Davis]] as ''Treatise on Insanity'' in 1806, it is influential on both sides of the Atlantic during the 19th century.<ref>{{cite book|first=Michel|last=Foucault|authorlink=Michel Foucault|title=[[Madness and Civilization|Folie et déraison: histoire de la folie à l'âge classique]]|year=1961}}</ref>
* [[Antonio Scarpa]] publishes ''Saggio di osservazioni e d'esperienze sulle principali malattie degli occhi'', earning him the title "father of [[Italy|Italian]] [[ophthalmology]]".<ref>{{cite book|first=Anton|last=Sebastian |author-link=Anton Sebastian|year=1999|title=A Dictionary of the History of Medicine|publisher=Informa Health Care|isbn=978-1-85070-021-0}}</ref>
* [[Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring]] publishes ''Abbildungen des menschlichen Auges'', including the first description of the [[macula]] in the [[retina]] of the [[human eye]].