Editing 1805 in science (section)

==Medicine==
* [[German Army (German Empire)|German Army]] [[surgeon]] [[Philipp Bozzini|Philipp Bozzini invents]] the {{Lang|de|lichtleiter}}, ancestor of the [[endoscope]], for examination of bodily orifices.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Bozzini|first=P.|title=Lichtleiter: eine Erfindung zur Anschauung innerer Theile und Krankheiten nebst der Abbildung|journal=J Practischen Arzneykunde|location=Berlin|volume=24|pages=107–24|year=1806}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Bozzini|first=P.|title=Heidelbergische Jahrbücher der Litteratur|volume=3|issue=3|chapter=Lichtleiter, eine Erfindung zur Anschauung innerer Theile und Krankheiten nebst der Abbildung|publisher=Wöhr & Zimmer|location=Heidelberg|year=1810|page=207|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=okBBAAAAYAAJ&q=%22Lichtleiter%2C%20eine%20Erfindung%20zur%20Anschauung%20innerer%20Theile%20und%20Krankheiten%20nebst%20der%20Abbildung%22&pg=PA207|accessdate=2010-09-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bush|first1=Ronnie Beth|last2=Leonhardt|first2=Hanna|last3=Bush|first3=Irving M.|last4=Landes|first4=Ralph R.|title=Dr. Bozzini's Lichtleiter: A translation of his original article (1806)|journal=[[Urology (journal)|Urology]]|volume=3|issue=1|pages=119–23|year=1974|pmid=4591409|doi=10.1016/S0090-4295(74)80080-4}}</ref>
* [[James Parkinson]] publishes ''Observations on the Nature and Cure of the Gout''.
* Japanese physician Udagawa Genshin publishes {{Lang|ja-Latn|Ensai Ihan}} ("Medical precepts of the West").
* First record of a [[water birth]], in France.