Editing 1854 in science (section)

==Medicine==
* April–May – [[John Snow (physician)|Dr John Snow]] traces the source of one outbreak of [[cholera]] in [[London]] (which kills 500) to a single [[pump|water pump]], validating his theory that [[cholera]] is water-borne, and forming the starting point for [[epidemiology]].
* November – [[Florence Nightingale]] and her team of trained volunteer [[nurse]]s arrive at [[Selimiye Barracks]] in [[Üsküdar|Scutari]] in the [[Ottoman Empire]] to care for [[British Army]] troops invalided from the [[Crimean War]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Baly|first1=Monica E.|authorlink1=Monica Baly|first2=H. C. G.|last2=Matthew|authorlink2=Colin Matthew|title=Nightingale, Florence (1820–1910)|work=[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/35241?docPos=2|accessdate=2011-06-20}}  {{ODNBsub}}</ref>
* [[Spain|Spanish]]-born [[Vocal pedagogy|vocal pedagogist]] [[Manuel Patricio Rodríguez García|Manuel García]] observes his own functioning [[glottis]] using a form of [[laryngoscope]] incorporating mirrors.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Garcia|first=Manuel|title=Observations on the Human Voice|pages=399–410|volume=7|year=1855|jstor=111815|journal=[[Proceedings of the Royal Society of London]]|doi=10.1098/rspl.1854.0094|pmc=5180321}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|first=Teresa|last=Radomski|title=Manuel García (1805–1906): a bicentenary reflection|journal=Australian Voice|volume=11|pages=25–41|year=2005|format=PDF|url=http://www.harmonicorde.com/Radomski%20Australian%20Voice.pdf|accessdate=2012-02-07}}</ref>
* [[Claude Bernard]] introduces the term ''[[Milieu intérieur]]'' in [[physiology]].