Editing 1890 Manifesto (section)

==Aftermath and post-Manifesto plural marriage==
Within six years of the announcement of the Manifesto, Utah had become a [[U.S. state|state]] and federal prosecution of Mormon polygamists subsided. However, Congress still refused to seat representatives-elect who were polygamists, including [[B. H. Roberts]].<ref>{{citation |first= Kathleen |last= Flake |author-link= Kathleen Flake |year= 2003 |title= The Politics of American Religious Identity: The Seating of Senator Reed Smoot, Mormon Apostle |place= Chapel Hill |publisher= University of North Carolina Press |isbn= 0-8078-5501-4 |oclc= 57707347}}</ref>

[[D. Michael Quinn]] and other Mormon historians have documented that some church [[Apostle (Latter Day Saints)|apostles]] covertly sanctioned plural marriages after the Manifesto. This practice was especially prevalent in [[Mexico]] and [[Canada]] because of an erroneous belief that such marriages were legal in those jurisdictions.<ref>Numerous marriages also were performed in international waters on the high seas.</ref> However, a significant minority were performed in Utah and other western American states and territories. The estimates of the number of post-Manifesto plural marriages performed range from scores to thousands, with the actual figure probably close to 250.<ref>{{harvnb|Hardy|1992|loc=pp. 167–335 and appendix II}}</ref> Today, the LDS Church officially acknowledges that although the Manifesto "officially ceased" the practice of plural marriage in the church, "the ending of the practice after the Manifesto was ... gradual."<ref>[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/topics/plural-marriage-and-families-in-early-utah "Plural Marriage and Families in Early Utah"], churchofjesuschrist.org.</ref><ref name = manifestoend/>

Rumors of post-Manifesto marriages surfaced and began to be examined by Congress in the [[Reed Smoot hearings]]. In response, church president [[Joseph F. Smith]] issued a "[[Second Manifesto]]" in 1904 which reaffirmed the church's opposition to the creation of new plural marriages and threatened excommunication for Latter-day Saints who continued to enter into or solemnize new plural marriages. [[Apostle (Latter Day Saints)|Apostles]] [[John Whittaker Taylor|John W. Taylor]] and [[Matthias F. Cowley]] both resigned from the [[Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)|Quorum of the Twelve Apostles]] due to disagreement with the church's position on plural marriage.<ref>{{citation |first1= Victor W. |last1= Jorgensen |first2= B. Carmon |last2= Hardy |title= The Taylor-Cowley Affair and the Watershed of Mormon History |journal= Utah Historical Quarterly |volume= 48 |issue= 1 |page= 4 |year= 1980 |doi= 10.2307/45060923 |jstor= 45060923 |s2cid= 254444205 |url= http://utahhistory.sdlhost.com/#/item/000000031000669/view/6 |access-date= 2014-01-16 |archive-date= 2013-10-21 |archive-url= https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20131021165803/http://utahhistory.sdlhost.com/#/item/000000031000669/view/6 |url-status= dead |url-access= subscription }}.</ref> Plural marriage in violation of local law continues to be grounds for [[Disciplinary council|excommunication]] from the LDS Church.<ref>{{citation |year= 2010 |title= [[Handbook (LDS Church)|Handbook 1: Stake Presidents and Bishops]] |place= Salt Lake City |publisher= LDS Church |page= 57}}.</ref>

The cessation of plural marriage within LDS Church gave rise to the [[Mormon fundamentalism|Mormon fundamentalist]] movement.<ref name=":0" />