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4 Times Square
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=== Facade === [[File:Times Sq Sep 2021 28.jpg|thumb|Detail of the masonry facade]] Fox & Fowle planned a masonry facade, largely oriented south toward 42nd Street and east toward [[Bryant Park]], as well as a glass facade, largely facing west toward Broadway and north toward 43rd Street.<ref name="A 1996-08">{{cite magazine |date=Aug 1996 |title=Times Square Tower Breaks Ground |url=https://usmodernist.org/AJ/A-1996-08.pdf |journal=Journal of the American Institute of Architects |volume=85 |page=50 |access-date=September 20, 2021 |archive-date=September 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918001050/https://usmodernist.org/AJ/A-1996-08.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="New York Magazine 1996" /><ref name="ZT p. 36">{{harvnb|Zukowsky|Thorne|2000|p=36|ps=.}}</ref> The arrangement was meant to fit in with the livelier character of Broadway and the more restrained character of 42nd Street and Bryant Park.<ref name="A 1996-08" /><ref name="nyt19960518">{{Cite news |last=Muschamp |first=Herbert |date=May 18, 1996 |title=Smaller Is Better: Conde Nast in Times Sq. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/05/18/nyregion/smaller-is-better-conde-nast-in-times-sq.html |access-date=September 19, 2021 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=September 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920214028/https://www.nytimes.com/1996/05/18/nyregion/smaller-is-better-conde-nast-in-times-sq.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Wells p. 132">{{harvnb|Wells|2005|p=132|ps=.}}</ref> This led multiple media sources to compare the facade to the two-faced god [[Janus]].<ref name="A 1996-08" /><ref name="nyt19960519">{{Cite news |date=May 19, 1996 |title=POSTINGS: The Two Faces of 4 Times Square;One Facade's Limestone, The Other One's Glass |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/05/19/realestate/postings-two-faces-4-times-square-one-facade-s-limestone-other-one-s-glass.html |access-date=September 17, 2021 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=September 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917183925/https://www.nytimes.com/1996/05/19/realestate/postings-two-faces-4-times-square-one-facade-s-limestone-other-one-s-glass.html |url-status=live}}</ref> In general, the lower stories have low-reflective glass to increase transparency, while the upper stories have highly reflective glass that deflects heat.<ref name="Stephens p. 96" /> The masonry facade wraps around much of the north, east, and south [[Elevation (architecture)|elevations]].<ref name="Stephens p. 93">{{harvnb|Stephens|2000a|ps=.|p=93}}</ref> In a 1996 press release, Fox & Fowle described the character of the masonry facade as presenting "a more composed personality appropriate to the context of Midtown Manhattan".<ref name="New York Magazine 1996" /> The offices are accessed from an entrance on 42nd Street,<ref name="nyt19960518" /><ref name="The Durst Organization 2020">{{cite web |date=December 18, 2020 |title=One Five One |url=https://www.durst.org/properties/One-Five-One |url-status=live |access-date=September 17, 2021 |website=The Durst Organization |archive-date=September 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210914170236/https://www.durst.org/properties/One-Five-One}}</ref> which is named One Five One after its street address of 151 West 42nd Street.<ref name="The Durst Organization 2020" /> The main entrance has a recessed glass wall and originally had an angled glass canopy, which complemented the curving ceiling of the lobby.<ref name="Stephens p. 94">{{harvnb|Stephens|2000a|ps=.|p=94}}</ref> The entrance originally contained glass doors and was flanked by stone blocks.<ref name="Jacobs 1999" /> The masonry facade has windows measuring {{cvt|5|by|7|ft}}, larger than in typical office buildings.<ref name="Stern (2006) p. 715" /> The large windows were meant to reduce the amount of electricity required for illuminating the offices.<ref name="p398625408">{{cite news |last=Cairns |first=Ann |date=July 16, 1997 |title=In Times Square, it may pay to be green |page=B10,1 |work=Wall Street Journal |issn=0099-9660 |id={{ProQuest|398625408}}}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Wells|2005|pp=132–134|ps=.}}</ref> The glass facade, which wraps around the west elevation and part of the south elevation, is designed to blend in with the surrounding signage.<ref name="Stephens p. 93" /> The glass facade contains green panels and is divided by vertical steel [[mullion]]s.<ref name="nyt19960518" /> The west elevation on Broadway was designed with video screens,<ref name="A 1996-08" /><ref name="New York Magazine 1996" /><ref name="nyt19960518" /> which cover {{cvt|20000|ft2}} and are mandated by the zoning law.<ref name="Stephens p. 95">{{harvnb|Stephens|2000a|ps=.|p=95}}</ref> There are ten signs, which could be rented to advertisers; when the building was constructed, the signs were projected to earn $7 million per year. The signs were included as part of [[Robert A. M. Stern]]'s 42nd Street Now! master plan,<ref name="A 1996-08" /> which required a variety of lighting and signage for facades along Times Square.<ref>{{harvnb|Stern|Fishman|Tilove|2006|ps=.|p=698}}</ref> The 37th through 43rd stories of the south and east elevations have [[Photovoltaics|photovoltaic]] (PV) panels.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kisscathcart.com/pdf/4timessquare.pdf |title=4 Times Square Building β Integrated Photovoltaic System |access-date=September 21, 2021 |publisher=Kiss + Cathcart |archive-date=August 18, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818194331/http://kisscathcart.com/pdf/4timessquare.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> These were installed in place of some of the [[spandrel]]s that separate windows on different floors.<ref name="nyt19970330" /><ref name="Stephens p. 92" /> There are 208 panels covering {{cvt|2955|ft2}}, half a percent of the facade's total area. While the panels can generate enough power for five or six houses, they only supply one-half of a percent of the total power needs of 4 Times Square.<ref name="Stern (2006) p. 715" /><ref name="Stephens p. 96">{{harvnb|Stephens|2000a|ps=.|p=96}}</ref> The PV modules are placed on a thin glass pane that is then laminated on both sides. The PV panels were included because they were inconspicuous and only cost {{cvt|10|$/ft2}} more than conventional spandrels. Originally, the architects had planned for {{cvt|14000|ft2}} of PV panels.<ref name="nyt19970330" /> Before deciding to use PV panels, Fox & Fowle had considered installing solar panels on the roof, as well as wind turbines.<ref name="nyt19970330" /> [[Douglas Durst]] of the Durst Organization said the panels were intended to indicate the building's energy-saving features, as the PV panels could be upgraded when the technology was more advanced.<ref name="n85616074">{{Cite news |date=July 13, 1997 |title=A Better Building |pages=149 |work=New York Daily News|issn=2692-1251 |via=newspapers.com |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/85616074/a-better-building/ |access-date=September 19, 2021 |archive-date=September 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921112949/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/85616074/a-better-building/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="nyt20020317">{{Cite news |last=Holusha |first=John |date=March 17, 2002 |title=Commercial Property/Cooling Office Buildings; On Avenue of the Americas, the Iceman Cometh |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/17/realestate/commercial-property-cooling-office-buildings-avenue-americas-iceman-cometh.html |access-date=September 20, 2021 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=September 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921015544/https://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/17/realestate/commercial-property-cooling-office-buildings-avenue-americas-iceman-cometh.html |url-status=live}}</ref> ==== Nasdaq MarketSite ==== {{Main|Nasdaq MarketSite}} [[File:NYC - Midtown Manhattan β Times Square β Broadway by night - panoramio (2).jpg|thumb|200px|left|alt=A nighttime view of Nasdaq MarketSite, which contains a large LED sign on a circular facade. There are windows in the sign.|[[Nasdaq MarketSite]] at the bottom of the CondΓ© Nast Building at night]] The eight-story cylindrical facade of 4 Times Square's northwest corner, on Broadway and 43rd Street, contains [[Nasdaq MarketSite]].<ref name="Stern (2006) p. 717" /><ref name="Nast 2000">{{cite magazine |last=Tapellini |first=Donna |date=January 11, 2000 |title=Nasdaq Lights Up Times Square |url=https://www.wired.com/2000/01/nasdaq-lights-up-times-square/ |access-date=September 18, 2021 |magazine=Wired |archive-date=March 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323155502/http://www.wired.com/2000/01/nasdaq-lights-up-times-square/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The facade was part of the building's original design and was included before Nasdaq had leased the space.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dunlap |first=David W. |date=June 29, 1997 |title=The Sign Makers Turn Up the Wattage |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/06/29/realestate/the-sign-makers-turn-up-the-wattage.html |access-date=September 19, 2021 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=September 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920212158/https://www.nytimes.com/1997/06/29/realestate/the-sign-makers-turn-up-the-wattage.html |url-status=live}}</ref> At street level is a three-story glass facade, which contains a view of the studio inside.<ref name="Nast 2000" /><ref name="cnn19991228">{{Cite web |date=December 28, 1999 |title=Nasdaq screen to light up Broadway |url=https://money.cnn.com/1999/12/28/investing/nasdaqsite/ |url-status=live |access-date=September 18, 2021 |website=CNN Money |archive-date=September 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918031559/https://money.cnn.com/1999/12/28/investing/nasdaqsite/}}</ref> Above the studio, the facade consists of a giant LED display, variously cited as measuring {{cvt|12000|ft2}}<ref name="Nast 2000" /> or {{cvt|14000|ft2}}.<ref name="Stern (2006) p. 717" /> The display was the world's largest at the time of its completion.<ref name="BF p. 32">{{harvnb|Barbour|French|2000|ps=.|p=32}}</ref><ref name="p195762697">{{cite magazine |last=Putman |first=Peter H. |date=February 2001 |title=Wall to wall video |journal=Video Systems; Overland Park |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=30β34 |id={{ProQuest|195762697}}}}</ref><ref name="nyt20000217">{{Cite news |last=Blair |first=Jayson |date=February 17, 2000 |title=Turning Pixels Into Panache |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/02/17/nyregion/turning-pixels-into-panache.html |access-date=September 20, 2021 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=September 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921013334/https://www.nytimes.com/2000/02/17/nyregion/turning-pixels-into-panache.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The display is allowed because 4 Times Square is exempt from the zoning rules regarding signs.<ref name="Stern (2006) p. 717" /> The LED sign over the studio cost $37 million.<ref name="cnn19991228" /><ref name="Stern (2006) p. 718">{{harvnb|Stern|Fishman|Tilove|2006|ps=.|p=718}}</ref><ref name="nyt20000217" /> The display can show information at a [[computer display standard]] of 1280x1824, and it has over 18 million LEDs.<ref name="Nast 2000" /> The display is made of about 8,200<ref name="nyt20000217" /> or 8,400 panels,<ref name="nyt19990804" /> manufactured by Saco Smart Vision.<ref name="p195762697" /><ref name="nyt20000217" /><ref name="nyt19990804">{{Cite news |last=Bagli |first=Charles V. |date=August 4, 1999 |title=Nasdaq Wins Battle to Build Huge Video Sign |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/04/nyregion/nasdaq-wins-battle-to-build-huge-video-sign.html |access-date=September 19, 2021 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=September 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921131149/https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/04/nyregion/nasdaq-wins-battle-to-build-huge-video-sign.html |url-status=live}}</ref> It is {{cvt|18|in}} thick and is interrupted by thirty square windows.<ref name="Stern (2006) pp. 717-718" /><ref name="nyt19990521">{{Cite news |last=Bagli |first=Charles V. |date=May 21, 1999 |title=Battle of the Unbuilt Billboard; In Times Square, a New Problem for a Troubled Tower |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/05/21/nyregion/battle-unbuilt-billboard-times-square-new-problem-for-troubled-tower.html |access-date=September 19, 2021 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=September 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921092401/https://www.nytimes.com/1999/05/21/nyregion/battle-unbuilt-billboard-times-square-new-problem-for-troubled-tower.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The windows are arranged into five rows, which illuminate a portion of CondΓ© Nast's space.<ref name="nyt19990521" /> There is a {{cvt|3|ft|4=-wide|adj=mid}} catwalk and a ventilation space behind the display,<ref name="nyt19990804" /><ref name="Stern (2006) pp. 717-718">{{harvnb|Stern|Fishman|Tilove|2006|ps=.|pp=717β718}}</ref> creating a gap of about {{cvt|5|ft}} between the sign and the actual facade.<ref name="Stephens p. 96" /><ref name="nyt19990521" /> At 4 Times Square's opening, Nasdaq leased the sign space from Durst for $2 million a year.<ref name="nyt20000217" /> ==== Top-story signs ==== The top of the building was originally ornamented with four signs, each measuring {{cvt|60|by|60|ft}} and displaying the address 4 Times Square.<ref name="A 1996-08" /><ref name="Stern (2006) p. 715" /> Unlike the signs at the base, the top stories' signs are not required by zoning.<ref name="Stephens p. 95" /> While modern New York City building code prohibits logos from being more than {{cvt|25|ft}} above the curb or occupying over {{cvt|200|ft2}} on a blockfront,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bagli |first=Charles V. |date=February 14, 2008 |title=Big Selling Point for G.M. Tower: Naming Rights |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/14/nyregion/14name.html |access-date=March 25, 2021 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610085402/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/14/nyregion/14name.html |url-status=live}}</ref> the top-story signs are protected because they are in the 42nd Street Development Project.<ref name="nyt20000123" /><ref name="CBS New York β Breaking News, Sports, Weather, Traffic And The Best of NY 2013" /><ref name="wsj20130812" /> The panels were originally vacant, though Durst had sought to market them to tenants at $1 million a year. In 2000, after the building opened, panels with the name of wireless provider [[Teligent Telecom]] were installed on the top stories, measuring {{cvt|70|by|70|ft}}.<ref name="nyt20000123">{{Cite news |last=Schneider |first=Daniel B. |date=January 23, 2000 |title=F.Y.I. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/23/nyregion/fyi-439274.html |access-date=September 20, 2021 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=September 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921102043/https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/23/nyregion/fyi-439274.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The signs were subsequently replaced by the number "4" during the mid-2000s.<ref name="nyt20060405">{{Cite news |last=Gregor |first=Alison |date=April 5, 2006 |title=What's in a Building's Name? More Than Meets the Eye |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/05/business/whats-in-a-buildings-name-more-than-meets-the-eye.html |access-date=September 20, 2021 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=September 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920214145/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/05/business/whats-in-a-buildings-name-more-than-meets-the-eye.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Since 2013, the top of the building has contained four illuminated panels with the name of clothing retailer [[H&M]], a retail tenant at the base.<ref name="CBS New York β Breaking News, Sports, Weather, Traffic And The Best of NY 2013">{{cite web |date=August 12, 2013 |title=H&M's Mega-signs In Times Square Rankle Neighbors |url=https://newyork.cbslocal.com/2013/08/12/hms-mega-signs-in-times-square-rankle-neighbors/ |access-date=September 18, 2021 |website=CBS New York |archive-date=September 26, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926021416/http://newyork.cbslocal.com/2013/08/12/hms-mega-signs-in-times-square-rankle-neighbors/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="wsj20130812">{{Cite news |last=Brown |first=Eliot |date=August 12, 2013 |title=Skyline Shakeup |language=en-US |work=Wall Street Journal |url=https://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323977304579002873149737190.html |access-date=September 18, 2021 |issn=0099-9660 |archive-date=August 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130815215719/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323977304579002873149737190.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
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