Editing 9 November in German history (section)

=== Reichspogromnacht ===
[[File:Reichspogromnacht 1938.jpg|thumb|50th anniversary of the ''Kristallnacht'' (November 9, 1938): [[Deutsche Bundespost]] stamp, 1988]]
9 November 1938: Marked the culmination of what is today known as "''[[Kristallnacht]]"'' (the Night of Broken Glass)<ref>The term "Kristallnacht" is often regarded as too euphemistic for the atrocities committed by the Nazis and only draws attention to the broken property.</ref> or Reichspogromnacht, from 9 to 10 November, synagogues and Jewish property were burned and destroyed on a large scale, and more than four hundred Jews were killed or driven to commit suicide. In [[Propaganda in Nazi Germany|Nazi propaganda]], the outrages, committed primarily by [[Sturmabteilung|SA]] and [[Schutzstaffel|SS]] members in civilian clothes, are portrayed as an expression of "popular anger" against the Jews. The event demonstrated that the [[Antisemitism|antisemitic]] stance of the Nazi regime was not so 'moderate' as it had partially appeared in earlier years and marked the transition from [[social exclusion]] and discrimination to open persecution of Jews under the dictatorship. After 10 November, about 30,000 Jews were arrested; many of them later died in [[Nazi concentration camps|concentration camps]].