Editing Active transport (section)

===Model of active transport===

[[ATP hydrolysis]] is used to transport hydrogen ions against the [[electrochemical gradient]] (from low to high hydrogen ion concentration). [[Phosphorylation]] of the [[carrier protein]] and the binding of a [[hydrogen ion]] induce a conformational (shape) change that drives the hydrogen ions to transport against the electrochemical gradient. [[Hydrolysis]] of the bound [[phosphate group]] and release of hydrogen ion then restores the carrier to its original conformation.<ref>{{cite book|last=Cooper|first=Geoffrey|title=The Cell: A Molecular Approach|year=2009|publisher=ASK PRESS|location=Washington, DC|isbn=9780878933006|page=65}}</ref>