Editing Allergic conjunctivitis (section)

===Classification===

====SAC and PAC====
Both seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC) and perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC) are two acute allergic conjunctival disorders.<ref name="Ono">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ono SJ, Abelson MB | title = Allergic conjunctivitis: update on pathophysiology and prospects for future treatment | journal = J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. | volume = 115 | issue = 1 | pages = 118–22 |date=January 2005 | pmid = 15637556 | doi = 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.10.042 }}</ref> SAC is the most common ocular allergy.<ref name="Bielory"/><ref name="Buckley">{{cite journal | author = Buckley RJ | title = Allergic eye disease—a clinical challenge | journal = Clin. Exp. Allergy | volume = 28 | issue =Suppl 6 | pages = 39–43 |date=December 1998 | pmid = 9988434 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-2222.1998.0280s6039.x | s2cid = 23496108 }}</ref> Symptoms of the aforementioned ocular diseases include itching and pink to reddish eye(s).<ref name="Ono"/> These two eye conditions are mediated by mast cells.<ref name="Ono"/><ref name="Buckley"/> Nonspecific measures to ameliorate symptoms include cold compresses, eyewashes with tear substitutes, and avoidance of allergens.<ref name="Ono"/> Treatment consists of [[antihistamine]], [[mast cell stabilizer]]s, dual mechanism anti-allergen agents, or topical antihistamines.<ref name="Ono"/> [[Corticosteroid]]s are another option, but, considering the side-effects of [[cataracts]] and increased [[intraocular pressure]], corticosteroids are reserved for more severe forms of allergic conjunctivitis such as vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC).<ref name="Ono"/>

====VKC and AKC====
Both [[vernal keratoconjunctivitis]] (VKC) and atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) are chronic allergic diseases wherein eosinophils, conjunctival fibroblasts, epithelial cells, mast cells, and TH2 lymphocytes aggravate the biochemistry and histology of the [[conjunctiva]].<ref name="Ono"/> VKC is a disease of childhood and is prevalent in males living in warm climates.<ref name="Ono"/> AKC is frequently observed in males between the ages of 30 and 50.<ref name="Ono"/> VKC and AKC can be treated by medications used to combat allergic conjunctivitis or the use of steroids.<ref name="Ono"/> Maxwell-Lyons sign, shield ulcer, cobblestones papillae, gelatinous thickening at the limbus, and Horner-Trantas dots are specific features of vernal type.{{citation needed|date=February 2014}}

====Giant papillary conjunctivitis====
Giant papillary conjunctivitis is not a true ocular allergic reaction and is caused by repeated mechanical irritation of the conjunctiva.<ref name="Ono"/> Repeated contact with the conjunctival surface caused by the use of contact lenses is associated with GPC.<ref name="Buckley"/>

====PKC====
{{main article|Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis}}
Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis (PKC) results from a delayed hypersensitivity/inflammatory reaction to antigens expressed by various pathogens. Common agents include [[Staph. aureus]], [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]], [[Chlamydia (bacterium)|Chlamydia]] and [[Candida (genus)|Candida]].<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite book |author1=Allansmith M.R. |author2=Ross R.N. |chapter=Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis |editor1=Tasman W. |editor2=Jaeger E.A. |title=Duane's Clinical Ophthalmology |publisher=Harper & Row |location=Philadelphia |year=1991 |pages=1–5 |edition=revised |volume=1}}</ref>