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Apollo 7
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===Launch vehicle=== [[File:Saturn IB at launch complex 34.jpg|thumb|Apollo 7's Saturn IB, SA-205, at Launch Complex 34]] Since it flew in [[low Earth orbit]] and did not include a LM, Apollo{{spaces}}7 was launched with the [[Saturn IB]] booster rather than the much larger and more powerful [[Saturn V]].<ref name="Saturn IB history">{{cite magazine |last=Portree |first=David S. F. |date=September 16, 2013 |title=A Forgotten Rocket: The Saturn IB |url=https://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2013/09/a-forgotten-rocket-the-saturn-ib/ |magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]] |location=New York |access-date=October 4, 2013}}</ref> That Saturn IB was designated SA-205,{{sfn|Orloff & Harland 2006|p=172}} and was the fifth Saturn IB to be flown—the earlier ones did not carry crews into space. It differed from its predecessors in that stronger propellant lines to the augmented spark igniter in the J-2 engines had been installed, so as to prevent a repetition of the early shutdown that had occurred on the uncrewed [[Apollo 6]] flight; postflight analysis had shown that the propellant lines to the J-2 engines, also used in the Saturn V tested on Apollo{{spaces}}6, had leaked.{{sfn|Press Kit|pp=3, 33}} The Saturn IB was a two-stage rocket, with the second stage an [[S-IVB]] similar to the third stage of the Saturn V,{{sfn|Press Kit|p=31}} the rocket used by all later Apollo missions.<ref name="Saturn IB history" /> The Saturn IB was used after the close of the Apollo Program to bring crews in Apollo CSMs to [[Skylab]], and for the [[Apollo–Soyuz Test Project]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Ed Kyle|title=Saturn 1B|url=http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/satstg2.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101010043820/http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/satstg2.html|url-status=usurped|archive-date=October 10, 2010|access-date=October 14, 2020|work=Space Launch Report|date=December 6, 2012}}</ref> Apollo 7 was the only crewed Apollo mission to launch from [[Cape Canaveral Space Force Station|Cape Kennedy Air Force Station's]] [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 34|Launch Complex 34]]. All subsequent Apollo and Skylab spacecraft flights (including Apollo–Soyuz) were launched from [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|Launch Complex 39]] at the nearby Kennedy Space Center.<ref name="Saturn IB history" /> Launch Complex 34 was declared redundant and decommissioned in 1969, making Apollo{{spaces}}7 the last human spaceflight mission to launch from the Cape Air Force Station in the 20th century.<ref name="Saturn IB history" />
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