Editing Arbroath (section)

===Modern history===
The Jacobite rising known as the [[Jacobite rising of 1745|Forty-Five]] turned Arbroath into a Jacobite town. A high proportion of its able-bodied men joined the Jacobite army.<ref>C. Duffy, ''The 45'' (2003), pp 83 and 86.</ref> It was one of the main ports where men and supplies could be landed from France. It and other Jacobite ports along the north-east coast collectively formed 'an asset of almost incalculable value' to the Jacobite cause.<ref>C. Duffy, ''The 45'', p. 366.</ref>

The [[Industrial Revolution]] led to an expansion of Arbroath's economy and population. New housing was built for the influx of workers and Arbroath became known for [[jute]] and [[sailcloth]] production. In 1867, the mills employed 4,620 people<ref>{{Cite book |last=Warden |first=A.J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hNT592RHNRwC&q=arbroath+linen&pg=RA1-PA543 |title=The linen trade, ancient and modern |publisher=Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts and Green |year=1867 |location=London}}</ref> and in 1875, 1,400 [[loom]]s in 34 mills produced over a million yards of [[osnaburg]] cloth and 450,000 yards of sailcloth; the town is believed to have supplied the sails for ''[[Cutty Sark]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://travel.yahoo.com/p-travelguide-800279-arbroath_arbroath-i |title=travel.yahoo.com |access-date=30 January 2007 |work=Rough Guides |publisher=Yahoo Travel }}{{Dead link|date=December 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Arbroath was also prominent in the making of shoes and lawnmowers. Manufacturer [[Alexander Shanks and Son|Alexander Shanks]], founded in 1840 and based at Dens Iron Works from 1853,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexander Shanks and Son |website=[[Grace's Guide]] |url=https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Alexander_Shanks_and_Son
}}</ref> supplied mowers to the [[Old Course at St Andrews]] and the [[All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club]].<ref name="brhisabb"/><ref name='edachshanks'>{{Cite web |url=http://www.scottish-places.info/people/famousfirst331.html |title=Alexander Shanks |access-date=6 January 2007 |publisher=The Gazetteer for Scotland}}</ref><ref name='brithist'>{{Cite web |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=43417 |title=Andrew's, St – Arbroath |access-date=13 January 2007 |year=1846 |work=A Topographical Dictionary of Scotland |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070204151308/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=43417 |archive-date=4 February 2007 <!--DASHBot-->|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Shanks">{{Cite web |title=MS 43 Alexander Shanks & Sons Ltd |url=http://arccat.dundee.ac.uk/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=%28RefNo%3D%27MS%2043%27%29 |website=Archive Services Online Catalogue |publisher=University of Dundee |access-date=9 March 2018}}</ref> Shanks was taken over in the 1960s by local firm, Giddings & Lewis-Fraser Ltd.,<ref name="Shanks"/> which had evolved from the flax and canvas manufacturing business established by Douglas Fraser in 1832. In the last decade of the 19th century, Douglas Fraser & Sons shifted focus to machine manufacture following the success of a braiding machine designed by Norman Fraser. The firm had interests in South America and India. In 1959 the business was taken over by the US company, Giddings & Lewis and renamed Giddings & Lewis-Fraser. Its headquarters were Wellgate Works, Arbroath.<ref name="GLF">{{Cite web |title=MS 42 Giddings & Lewis-Fraser Ltd |url=http://arccat.dundee.ac.uk/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=%28RefNo%3D%27ms%2042%27%29 |website=Archive Services Online Catalogue |publisher=University of Dundee |access-date=9 March 2018}}</ref>

Arbroath is well known for its ties to the fishing industry. Following significant improvements to the harbour in 1839, the council sought fishermen willing to migrate to the town. Men came from nearby [[Auchmithie]] and further afield, including [[Shetland]]. The industry grew, and in the peak years up to 1980 some 40 [[Freshwater whitefish|whitefish]] and [[pelagic]] vessels worked from Arbroath, employing hundreds on board and hundreds more ashore to service vessels and process the fish. Quota cuts and decommissioning took their toll in Scotland from the 1980s; however, Arbroath remains a whitefish port open for landing shellfish.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thecourier.co.uk/output/2004/03/04/newsstory5681647t0.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040606160402/http://www.thecourier.co.uk/output/2004/03/04/newsstory5681647t0.asp |url-status=dead|archive-date=6 June 2004 |title=Second boost as Arbroath harbour back on the map |access-date=30 January 2007 |date=4 March 2004 |work=The Courier and Advertiser |publisher=D.C Thompson}}</ref> Only one vessel now works regularly from Arbroath, but a further three Arbroath-owned vessels work from [[Aberdeen]] and ports further north. Fish processing remains a big employer, but the fish come from Aberdeen, [[Peterhead]] and even Iceland, Norway and Ireland.<ref name="brhisabb"/><ref name='ABCFish'>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aberdeenshire.gov.uk/statistics/economic/fishing/index.asp |title=Fishing Industry Statistics |access-date=6 January 2007 |publisher=Aberdeenshire Council |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070107184807/http://www.aberdeenshire.gov.uk/statistics/economic/fishing/index.asp |archive-date=7 January 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="scotsman2">{{Cite web |last=Urquhart |first=Frank |date=23 December 2005 |title=Quotas set to put bite on fish & chips |url=http://news.scotsman.com/seafishingindustry/Quotas-set-to-put-bite.2688901.jp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602130907/http://news.scotsman.com/seafishingindustry/Quotas-set-to-put-bite.2688901.jp |archive-date=2 June 2009 |access-date=7 February 2009 |work=The Scotsman}}</ref>