Editing Armagh (section)

===Modern era===
[[File:Armagh geograph-3773981-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg|thumb|250px|Armagh from the Newry Road, 1960]]
The [[Armagh Borough (Parliament of Ireland constituency)|parliamentary borough of Armagh]] was a two-seat constituency in the [[Irish House of Commons]] prior to 1801. It continued as a [[Armagh City (UK Parliament constituency)|one-seat constituency]] in the [[United Kingdom House of Commons]] from 1801 to 1885. It had a municipal corporation which was abolished under the [[Municipal Corporations (Ireland) Act 1840]].

Armagh has been an educational centre since the time of Saint Patrick, and thus it has been referred to as "the city of saints and scholars". The educational tradition continued with the foundation of the [[The Royal School, Armagh|Royal School]] in 1608, St Patrick's College in 1834 and the [[Armagh Observatory]] in 1790. The Observatory was part of [[Archbishop of Armagh (Church of Ireland)|Archbishop]] [[Richard Robinson, 1st Baron Rokeby|Lord Rokeby]]'s plan to have a university in the city. This ambition was finally fulfilled, albeit briefly, in the 1990s when [[Queen's University of Belfast]] opened an outreach centre in the former hospital building.

The [[Catch-my-Pal]] Protestant Total Abstinence Union was founded in 1909 in Armagh by the minister of 3rd Armagh (now The Mall) Presbyterian Church, Rev. Robert Patterson.  Although relatively short-lived it was very successful for that time, attracting many tens of thousands of members. It was influential in the development of a "two-community" narrative in Ulster which was important in the Ulster Unionist campaign during the [[Home Rule Crisis]]. A [[blue plaque]] historical marker commemorating Rev. Patterson was erected on The Mall in 2019.

Three brothers from Armagh died at the [[Battle of the Somme]] during [[World War I]]. None of the three has a known grave and all are commemorated on the [[Thiepval Memorial to the Missing of the Somme]]. A fourth brother was wounded in the same attack.

On 14 January 1921, during the [[Irish War of Independence]], a [[Royal Irish Constabulary]] (RIC) sergeant was assassinated by the [[Irish Republican Army]] (IRA) in Armagh. He was attacked with a [[grenade]] as he walked along Market Street and later died of his wounds.<ref>[http://www.dcu.ie/~foxs/irhist/january_1921.htm Dublin City University] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609122959/http://www.dcu.ie/~foxs/irhist/january_1921.htm |date=9 June 2012 }}. Chronology of Irish History 1919&nbsp;– 1923: January 1921</ref> On 4 September 1921, [[Irish republicanism|republican]] leaders [[Michael Collins (Irish leader)|Michael Collins]] and [[Eoin O'Duffy]] addressed a large meeting in Armagh, which was attended by up to 10,000 people.<ref>[http://www.dcu.ie/~foxs/irhist/september_1921.htm Dublin City University] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612023607/http://www.dcu.ie/~foxs/irhist/september_1921.htm |date=12 June 2011 }}. Chronology of Irish History 1919&nbsp;– 1923: September 1921</ref>

[[File:Armagh Library and open air market - geograph.org.uk - 647704.jpg|thumb|250px|Open-air market on Market Street]]

During [[the Troubles in Armagh]], the violence was substantial enough for a stretch of road on the outskirts of the city to be referred to by one RUC officer as "[[Murder mile|Murder Mile]]".<ref name="Blanche">{{cite news | url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-01-06-mn-6869-story.html | title=Irish Police Face Peril of 'Murder Mile' | work=[[Los Angeles Times]] | date=6 January 1985 | access-date=20 February 2016 | author=Blanche, Ed | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807054935/http://articles.latimes.com/1985-01-06/news/mn-6869_1_patrol-car | archive-date=7 August 2011 | url-status=live }}</ref> Over the span of 36 years, although mainly concentrated in the years from 1969 until 1994, the small city, including some outlying areas, saw 86 deaths in the Troubles, including those of a number of people from the city who died elsewhere in Troubles-related incidents. Armagh City Hall, which had been built as the Tontine Buildings in 1828<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dia.ie/works/view/57428/building/CO.+ARMAGH%2C+ARMAGH%2C+TONTINE+BUILDINGS|title= Tontine Buildings|publisher=Dictionary of Irish Architects|access-date=5 June 2021}}</ref> and converted into a municipal building in 1910,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dia.ie/works/view/3325/building/CO.+ARMAGH%2C+ARMAGH%2C+TOWN+HALL|title=Armagh Town Hall| publisher=Dictionary of Irish Architects|access-date=5 June 2021}}</ref> was badly damaged in a bomb attack on 27 September 1972<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.northernslant.com/northern-lens-troubled-times-in-my-home-town/armagh12-armagh-city-hall-after-a-bomb-explosion-on-wednesday-september-27-1972/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210604232944/https://www.northernslant.com/northern-lens-troubled-times-in-my-home-town/armagh12-armagh-city-hall-after-a-bomb-explosion-on-wednesday-september-27-1972/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=4 June 2021|title=Armagh City Hall after a bomb explosion on Wednesday September 27, 1972|date=15 August 2017 |publisher=Northern Slant|access-date=5 June 2021}}</ref> and subsequently demolished.<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Astronomy & Geophysics|volume=45|date=1 February 2004|pages=1.18–1.22|doi=10.1046/j.1468-4004.2003.45118.x|title=A modern vision: Eric Lindsay at Armagh|first=John|last=McFarland|doi-access=free}}</ref>