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Artificial turf
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===Canadian football=== The first professional [[Canadian football]] stadium to use artificial turf was [[Empire Stadium (Vancouver)|Empire Stadium]] in [[Vancouver, British Columbia]], then home of the [[Canadian Football League]]'s [[BC Lions]], which installed 3M TartanTurf in 1970. Today, eight of the nine stadiums in the CFL currently use artificial turf, largely because of the harsh weather conditions in the latter-half of the season. The only one that does not is [[BMO Field]] in Toronto, which initially had an artificial pitch and has been shared by the CFL's [[Toronto Argonauts]] since 2016 (part of the endzones at that stadium are covered with artificial turf).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/soccer/bmo-field-tfc-argonauts-1.3522032|title=BMO Field: New renovations accommodate TFC, Argos β CBC Sports|website=Cbc.ca|access-date=August 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170131015552/http://www.cbc.ca/sports/soccer/bmo-field-tfc-argonauts-1.3522032|archive-date=January 31, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> The first stadium to use the next-generation surface was Ottawa's Frank Clair Stadium (now [[TD Place Stadium]]), which the [[Ottawa Renegades]] used when they began play in [[2002 CFL season|2002]]. The [[Saskatchewan Roughriders]]' [[Mosaic Stadium at Taylor Field|Taylor Field]] was the only major professional sports venue in North America to use a second-generation artificial playing surface, [[Omniturf]], which was used from 1988 to 2000, followed by AstroTurf from 2000 to 2007 and FieldTurf from 2007 to its 2016 closure.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.riderville.com/2002/06/12/history/ |title=History |publisher=Saskatchewan Roughriders |date=June 12, 2002 |access-date=January 10, 2021 |quote=In 1988, the Roughriders replaced the first artificial turf with a new type of system called OmniTurf. Unlike AstroTurf, OmniTurf was an inlay turf system, which relied on 300 tons of sand to hold it in place (rather than the traditional glued-down system). Over the years, a number of problems occurred with this system and it eventually became necessary to replace it prior to its usable age being reached.}}</ref>
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