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Assisted reproductive technology
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=== Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis === A [[pre-implantation genetic diagnosis]] procedure may be conducted on [[embryo]]s prior to [[Implantation (human embryo)|implantation]] (as a form of [[embryo profiling]]), and sometimes even of [[oocyte]]s prior to [[Human fertilization|fertilization]]. PGD is considered in a similar fashion to [[prenatal diagnosis]]. PGD is an adjunct to ART procedures, and requires in vitro fertilization to obtain [[oocytes]] or [[embryo]]s for evaluation. Embryos are generally obtained through blastomere or blastocyst biopsy. The latter technique has proved to be less deleterious for the embryo, therefore it is advisable to perform the biopsy around day 5 or 6 of development.<ref name=Sullivan-Pyke2018>{{cite journal |last1=Sullivan-Pyke |first1=C |last2=Dokras |first2=A |title=Preimplantation Genetic Screening and Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis. |journal=Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America |date=March 2018 |volume=45 |issue=1 |pages=113β125 |doi=10.1016/j.ogc.2017.10.009 |pmid=29428279}}</ref> [[Sex selection]] is the attempt to control the sex of offspring to achieve a desired sex in case of X chromosome linked diseases. It can be accomplished in several ways, both pre- and post-implantation of an embryo, as well as at birth. Pre-implantation techniques include PGD, but also [[sperm sorting]].{{citation needed|date=February 2022}}
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