Editing Associated state (section)

==Other comparable relationships==
Other situations exist where one state has power over another political unit. Dependent territories and the United Kingdom's [[Crown Dependencies|Crown dependencies]] are examples of this, where an area has its own political system and often internal self-government, but does not have overall sovereignty. In a loose form of association, some sovereign states cede some power to other states, often in terms of foreign affairs and defence.{{Cn|date=May 2024}}

===States currently ceding power to another state===
{{Further|Suzerainty}}
{| class="wikitable"
!width="120px"| Associated state
!class="unsortable" width="120px"|Associated with
!class="unsortable" width="90px"|Associated since
!class="unsortable"|Level of association
!class="unsortable" width="120px"|International status
|-
| [[Andorra]]
| [[Spain]] and<br />[[France]]
|1278
| Defence is the responsibility of Spain and France.<ref>{{cite web|title=Andorra at the CIA's page|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/andorra/|publisher=CIA|access-date=2010-07-15|author=CIA|date=15 July 2010}}</ref> Andorra is a co-principality between the head of state of France (currently the [[president of France|president]]) and the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Urgell|Bishop of Urgell]].
|[[Member states of the United Nations|UN member state]]
|-
| [[Kiribati]]
| [[Australia]] and<br />[[New Zealand]]
|1979
| Kiribati has no military. National defence is provided by Australia and New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Kiribati}}</ref>
|UN member state
|-
| [[Liechtenstein]]
| [[Switzerland]]
|1923
| Although the head of state represents Liechtenstein in its international relations, Switzerland has taken responsibility for much of Liechtenstein's diplomatic relations. Liechtenstein maintains no military.<ref>{{cite web|title=Liechtenstein at the CIA's page|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/liechtenstein/|publisher=CIA|access-date=2010-07-15|author=CIA|date=15 July 2010}}</ref>
|UN member state
|-
| [[Monaco]]
| [[France]]
|1861
| France has agreed to defend the independence and sovereignty of Monaco, while the Monegasque government has agreed to exercise its sovereign rights in conformity with French interests, which was reaffirmed by the [[Treaty of Versailles]] in 1919.<ref>{{cite web|title=Monaco at the CIA's page|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/monaco/|publisher=CIA|access-date=2010-07-15|author=CIA|date=15 July 2010}}</ref>
|UN member state
|-
| [[Nauru]]
| [[Australia]]
|1968
| Nauru has no military. Australia informally takes responsibility for its defence.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nauru at the CIA's page|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/nauru/|publisher=CIA|access-date=2010-07-15|author=CIA|date=15 July 2010}}</ref>
|UN member state
|-
| [[Samoa]]
| [[New Zealand]]
|1914
| Samoa has no regular military. New Zealand provides defence under an informal agreement, but Samoa is regarded as fully independent.<ref>{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Samoa}}</ref>
|UN member state
|-
| [[San Marino]]
| [[Italy]]
|1939
| Defence is the responsibility of Italy by arrangement.<ref>{{cite web|title=San Marino at the CIA's page|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/san-marino/|publisher=CIA|access-date=2010-07-15|author=CIA|date=15 July 2010}}</ref>
|UN member state
|-
| [[Vatican City]]
| [[Switzerland]] (since 1506)<br />[[Italy]]  (since 1929)
| 1506 (with [[Switzerland]])<br /> 1929 (with [[Italy]])
| According to the [[Lateran Treaty]], anyone who loses Vatican City citizenship and possesses no other citizenship automatically becomes an Italian citizen. The military defence of the Vatican City is provided by Italy and it uses the [[Swiss Guard|Pontifical Swiss Guard]], founded by [[Pope Julius II]] and provided by Switzerland, as the Pope's bodyguards.<ref>{{cite web|title=Holy See (Vatican City) at the CIA's page|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/vt.html|publisher=CIA|access-date=2010-07-15|author=CIA|date=15 July 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100711171410/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/vt.html| archive-date= 11 July 2010 | url-status= dead}}</ref>
|[[United Nations General Assembly observers|UN General Assembly observer state]]
|}

===States formerly ceding power to another state===
[[Iceland]], formerly part of [[Denmark]], became a nominally sovereign state in 1918. It remained in a personal union with the [[Monarchy of Denmark|Danish Crown]] and continued to have a common foreign policy with Denmark until 1944, when it became fully independent.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-FH3AwAAQBAJ&q=iceland+associated+state+1918&pg=PA177 | title=Sources of State Practice in International Law: Second Revised Edition| isbn=9789004272224| last1=Gaebler| first1=Ralph| last2=Shea| first2=Alison| date=6 June 2014| publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers}}</ref>

[[Bhutan]], a former [[protectorate]] of [[British Raj|British India]], agreed in a 1949 treaty to allow the newly independent [[India]] to guide its foreign relations in a relatively loose form of association, which resulted in Bhutan sometimes being described as a "protected state".<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.mea.gov.in/pressrelease/2007/03/treaty.pdf |title=Indo-Bhutan Friendship Treaty }}&nbsp;{{small|(30.6&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]])}})</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thewire.in/south-asia/how-bhutan-came-to-not-be-a-part-of-india|title=How Bhutan Came to Not Be a Part of India|website=The Wire|first = Swati|last = Chawla|date = 8 February 2019}}</ref> This relationship was updated in a 2007 treaty, in which the provision requiring Bhutan to accept India's guidance on foreign policy was rescinded.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Nepal and Bhutan in 2007: Seeking an Elusive Consensus|first=John|last=Whelpton|date=1 February 2008|journal=Asian Survey|volume=48|issue=1|pages=184–190|doi=10.1525/as.2008.48.1.184}}</ref>