Editing Audio description (section)

=== United States ===
[[File:Pictograms-nps-accessibility-audio description.svg|thumb|150px|Onscreen bug used for televised Audio Description]]
[[File:Pictograms-nps-accessibility-live audio description-2.svg|thumb|150px|Logo for Audio Description used in credits and covers]]
Initially, audio description was provided as a public service. However, in 2000, the [[Federal Communications Commission]] would enact a policy effective April 1, 2002, requiring the affiliates of the four major television networks in the top 25 markets, and television providers with more than 50,000 subscribers via the top 5 cable networks as determined by [[Nielsen ratings]], to offer 50 hours of programming with descriptions during primetime or children's programming per-quarter. However, the order faced a court challenge led by the [[MPAA]], who questioned the FCC's jurisdiction on the matter. In November 2002, the [[United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit|Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit]] ruled that the FCC had no statutory jurisdiction to enforce such a rule.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvtechnology.com/miscellaneous/fcc-update-video-description-rules-in-place|title=FCC Update: Video: description rules in place|last=Martin|first=Harry C.|website=TV Technology|date=May 2002|language=en-us|access-date=2019-04-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theintelligencer.com/news/article/Court-Nixes-FCC-s-Video-Description-10555547.php|title=Court Nixes FCC's Video Description|date=2002-11-08|website=The Edwardsville Intelligencer|access-date=2019-04-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2002/scene/markets-festivals/narration-mandate-mooted-by-court-1117875796/|title=Narration mandate mooted by court|last1=McClintock|first1=Pamela|date=2002-11-11|website=Variety|language=en|access-date=2019-04-26}}</ref>

This was rectified in 2010 with the passing of the [[Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act of 2010|Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act]], which gave the FCC jurisdiction to enforce video description requirements. The previously intended quotas were reinstated on July 1, 2012, and have been gradually increased to require more programming and wider participation since their implementation.<ref name="tvnc-launch">{{Cite web|url=https://tvnewscheck.com/article/60097/networks-set-to-launch-video-descriptions/|title=Networks Set To Launch Video Descriptions|date=2012-06-13|website=TVNewsCheck|access-date=2019-04-15}}</ref><ref name="lexology-dv">{{Cite web|url=https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=17b66353-ef69-4acb-b967-eb6385f242f6|title=FCC adopts video description regulations|last1=Browne|first1=Davis Wright Tremaine LLP-Maria T.|last2=London|first2=Ronald G.|website=Lexology|language=en|access-date=2019-04-15|last3=Holl|first3=Brendan|date=26 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nexttv.com/news/fcc-expands-video-description-mandate-167092|title=FCC Expands Video Description Mandate|last=Eggerton|first=John|website=Broadcasting & Cable|date=12 July 2017|publisher=NextTV|access-date=2019-04-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/07/12/news/fcc-video-described-programming-blind-visually-impaired/index.html|title=FCC to require more shows be aired with video descriptions to aid the blind|last=Wattles|first=Jackie|date=2017-07-12|website=CNNMoney|access-date=2019-04-16}}</ref>