Editing Barcelonnette (section)

===Ancien Régime===
During [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]]'s invasion of Provence in 1536, [[Francis I of France]] sent the [[Count of Fürstenberg]]'s 6000 ''[[Landsknechte]]'' to ravage the area in a [[scorched earth]] policy. Barcelonnette and the Ubaye Valley remained under French sovereignty until the second [[Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis]] on 3 April 1559.

In 1588 the troops of [[François de Bonne, Duke of Lesdiguières|François, Duke of Lesdiguières]] entered the town and set fire to the church and convent during their campaign against the Duke of Savoy. In 1600, after the [[Treaty of Vervins]], conflict returned between [[Henry IV of France]] and Savoy, and Lesdiguières retook Barcelonnette until the conclusion of the [[Treaty of Lyon (1601)|Treaty of Lyon]] on 17 January the following year. In 1628, during the [[War of the Mantuan Succession]], Barcelonnette and the other towns of the Ubaye Valley were pillaged and burned by Jacques du Blé d'Uxelles and his troops, as they passed through towards Italy to the [[Duke of Mantua]]'s aid. The town was retaken by the Duke of Savoy in 1630; and in 1691 it was captured by the troops of the Marquis de Vins during the [[War of the League of Augsburg]].

Between 1614 and 1713, Barcelonnette was the seat of one of the four prefectures under the jurisdiction of the Senate of Nice.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jc.clariond.free.fr/dixneuf.html#19p4|title=HISTOIRE d'ALLOS TROISIEME PARTIE CHAPITRE V (19) de 1598–1628|website=jc.clariond.free.fr|access-date=14 April 2018}}</ref> At this time, the community of Barcelonnette successfully purchased the ''[[seigneurie]]'' of the town as it was put to auction by the Duke of Savoy; it thereby gained its own justicial powers.<ref name="Rébellion">Jean Nicolas, ''La Rébellion française : mouvements populaires et conscience sociale, 1661–1789'', Paris: Gallimard, 2008. Collection ''Folio'', {{ISBN|978-2-07-035971-4}}, p. 311</ref> In 1646, a college was founded in Barcelonnette.<ref name="histo_sous-pref">Prefecture of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, "[http://www.alpes-de-haute-provence.pref.gouv.fr/pages/sous-prefectures/barcelonnette/barcelonnette.html Histoire de l'Arrondissement de Barcelonnette] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121218073152/http://www.alpes-de-haute-provence.pref.gouv.fr/pages/sous-prefectures/barcelonnette/barcelonnette.html |date=December 18, 2012 }}", ''Préfecture des Alpes de Haute-Provence'', accessed 23 June 2012</ref>

A "significant" part of the town's inhabitants had, by the 16th century, converted to [[Protestantism]], and were repressed during the [[French Wars of Religion]].<ref>Gabriel Audisio and Jean Jalla, ''Les protestants de la vallée de Barcelonnette'', expanded and updated edition from the brochure ''Les Vaudois à Barcelonnette''</ref>

The ''[[viguerie]]'' of Barcelonnette (also comprising [[Saint-Martin-d'Entraunes|Saint-Martin]] and [[Entraunes]]) was reattached to France in 1713 as part of a territorial exchange with the Duchy of Savoy during the [[Treaties of Utrecht]]. The town remained the site of a ''viguerie'' until the [[French Revolution]].<ref name="viguerie">''La Révolution dans les Basses-Alpes'', Annales de Haute-Provence, bulletin de la société scientifique et littéraire des Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, no 307, 1st term 1989, 108th year, p 107</ref> A decree of the council of state on 25 December 1714 reunited Barcelonnete with the general government of Provence.