Editing Basophil (section)

==Clinical significance==
===Immunophenotyping===
Basophils of mice and humans have consistent immunophenotypes, including [[FcεRI]]<sup>+</sup>, [[CD123]], [[CD49b]](DX-5)<sup>+</sup>, [[CD69]]<sup>+</sup>, [[Thy-1]].2<sup>+</sup>, [[2B4]]<sup>+</sup>, [[CD11b]]<sup>dull</sup>, [[CD117]](c-kit)<sup>−</sup>, [[CD24]]<sup>−</sup>, [[CD19]]<sup>−</sup>, [[CD80]]<sup>−</sup>, [[CD14]]<sup>−</sup>, [[CD23]]<sup>−</sup>, [[Ly49]]c<sup>−</sup>, [[CD122]]<sup>−</sup>, [[CD11c]]<sup>−</sup>, Gr-1<sup>−</sup>, NK1.1<sup>−</sup>, [[B220]]<sup>−</sup>, [[CD3 (immunology)|CD3]]<sup>−</sup>, γδ[[T-cell receptor|TCR]]<sup>−</sup>, αβ[[T-cell receptor|TCR]]<sup>−</sup>, α<sub>4</sub> and β<sub>4</sub>-[[integrin]] negative.<ref name=Schroeder>{{cite book |author=Schroeder JT |title=Chapter 4 Basophils |year=2009 |volume=101 |pages=123–161 |pmid=19231594 |doi=10.1016/S0065-2776(08)01004-3|series=Advances in Immunology |isbn=9780123747938 }}</ref>

Recently, Heneberg<ref name=Heneberg>{{cite journal | vauthors = Heneberg P | title = Mast cells and basophils: trojan horses of conventional lin- stem/progenitor cell isolates | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 34 | pages = 3753–71 | date = November 2011 | pmid = 22103846 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798357881 }}</ref>  proposed that basophils may be defined as the cellular population positive for [[CD13]], [[CD44]], [[CD54]], [[CD63]], [[CD69]], [[CD107a]], [[CD123]], [[CD164]], [[CD193]]/ [[CCR3 (gene)|CCR3]], [[CD203c]], [[TLR-4]], and [[FcεRI]]. When activated, some additional surface markers are known to be upregulated (CD13, CD107a, CD164), or surface-exposed (CD63, and the [[ectoenzyme]] CD203c).<ref name="Heneberg"/>

===Allergy diagnosis===
Basophils are easily isolated from venous blood and present good "indicator cells" of an IgE-mediated allergic response based on the upregulation of activation markers such as CD63 and/or CD203c upon suspect allergen stimulation.<ref name=Hoffmann>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoffmann HJ et al. | title = The clinical utility of basophil activation testing in diagnosis and monitoring of allergic disease | journal = Allergy | volume = 70 | pages = 1393–1405 | date = 2015| issue = 11 | pmid = 26198455 | doi = 10.1111/all.12698 | hdl = 1874/333232 | s2cid = 24598924 | hdl-access = free }}</ref> Therefore, the BAT serves to confirm IgE-mediated allergy following uncertain results from classical testing based on anamnesis, skin testing or specific IgE results. More recently, BAT has also been used for the monitoring of successful [[allergen immunotherapy]] (desensitization) to differentiate short-term desensitization versus sustained unresponsiveness to the allergen.<ref name=Paranjape>{{cite journal | vauthors = Paranjape A et al. | title = Oral Immunotherapy and Basophil and Mast Cell Reactivity in Food Allergy | journal = Frontiers in Immunology | volume = 11 | pages = 3228 | date = 2020| pmid = 33381123| doi = 10.3389/fimmu.2020.602660 | pmc = 7768812 | doi-access = free }}</ref>