Editing Beekeeping (section)

=== 20th and 21st century hive designs ===

Langstroth's design of movable comb hives was adopted by apiarists and inventors in both North America and Europe, and a wide range of moveable comb hives were developed in England, France, Germany and the United States.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Reuber|first=Brant|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HGDxCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA27|title=21st Century Homestead: Beekeeping|year=2015|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=978-1-312-93733-8|page=27|language=en}}</ref> Classic designs evolved in each country; [[Charles Dadant|Dadant]] hives and [[Langstroth hive]]s are still dominant in the U.S.; in France the [[Georges de Layens|De-Layens]] trough hive became popular, in the UK a British National hive became standard by the 1930s, although in Scotland the smaller Smith hive is still popular. In some Scandinavian countries and in Russia, the traditional trough hive persisted until late in the 20th century and is still kept in some areas. The Langstroth and Dadant designs, however, remain ubiquitous in the U.S. and in many parts of Europe, though Sweden, Denmark, Germany, France and Italy all have their own national hive designs. Regional variations of hive were developed according to climate, floral productivity and reproductive characteristics of the subspecies of native honey bees in each bio-region.<ref name=":3"/>

[[File:Сотовый мёд.jpg|thumb|Honey-laden honeycomb in a wooden frame]]

The differences in hive dimensions are insignificant in comparison to the common factors in these hives: they are all square or rectangular; they all use movable wooden frames; and they all consist of a floor, brood-box, [[honey super]], crown-board and roof. Hives have traditionally been constructed from cedar, pine or cypress wood but in recent years, hives made from injection-molded, dense [[polystyrene]] have become increasingly common.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|last=Reuber|first=Brant|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HGDxCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA27|title=21st Century Homestead: Beekeeping|year=2015|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=978-1-312-93733-8|page=28|language=en}}</ref> Hives also use [[queen excluder]]s between the brood-box and honey supers to keep the queen from laying eggs in cells next to those containing honey intended for consumption. With the 20th-century advent of mite pests, hive floors are often replaced, either temporarily or permanently, with a wire mesh and a removable tray.<ref name=":4"/>

[[File:Western honey bee on a honeycomb.jpg|thumb|Western honey bee on a honeycomb]]

In 2015, the [[Flow Hive]] system was invented in Australia by Cedar Anderson and his father Stuart Anderson,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-09-12/australian-story-flow-hive-family-talks-about-life-now/7828436 |title=Flow Hive: Cedar and Stuart Anderson talk about life one year after crowdfunding success |last=Hassall |first=Craig |website=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] |location=[[ABC Online]] |date=12 September 2017 |access-date=2019-03-13 |archive-date=2019-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404163334/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-09-12/australian-story-flow-hive-family-talks-about-life-now/7828436 |url-status=live }}</ref> whose design allows honey to be extracted without cumbersome centrifuge equipment.