Editing Bisphosphonate (section)

===Other===
Evidence suggests that the use of bisphosphonates would be useful in the treatment of [[complex regional pain syndrome]], a neuro-immune problem with high MPQ scores, low treatment efficacy and symptoms which can include regional osteoporosis. In 2009  bisphosphonates were "among the only class of medications that has survived placebo-controlled studies showing statistically significant improvement (in CRPS) with therapy."<ref>{{cite journal |author=Pontell D |title=A clinical approach to complex regional pain syndrome |journal=Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery |volume=25 |issue=3 |pages=361–80; vi |date=July 2008  |pmid=18486850 |doi=10.1016/j.cpm.2008.02.011}}</ref>

There is observational evidence and molecular explanation for some bisphosphonates offering a level of protection against [[COVID-19]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Thompson J |title=Association between Bisphosphonate use and COVID-19 related outcomes |journal=eLife |volume=12 |pages=e79548 |date=2023 |doi=10.7554/eLife.79548|doi-access=free |pmid=37534876 |pmc=10691801 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Muzaffar-Ur-Rehman M |title=In silico evaluation of bisphosphonates identifies leading candidates for SARS-CoV-2 RdRp inhibition |journal=Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling |volume=136 |pages=108939 |date=May 2025|doi=10.1016/j.jmgm.2024.108939|pmid=39799876 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

Bisphosphonates have been used to reduce fracture rates in children with the disease [[osteogenesis imperfecta]]<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Shapiro JR, Sponsellor PD |title=Osteogenesis imperfecta: questions and answers |journal=Current Opinion in Pediatrics |volume=21 |issue=6 |pages=709–16 |date=December 2009 |pmid=19907330 |doi=10.1097/MOP.0b013e328332c68f |s2cid=205834462 }}</ref> and to treat [[otosclerosis]]<ref>{{cite journal |author=Brookler K |title=Medical treatment of otosclerosis: rationale for use of bisphosphonates |journal=Int Tinnitus J |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=92–6 |year=2008 |pmid=19205157 }}</ref> by minimizing bone loss.

Other bisphosphonates, including [[medronate]] (R<sup>1</sup>=H, R<sup>2</sup>=H) and [[oxidronate]] (R<sup>1</sup>=H, R<sup>2</sup>=OH), are mixed with radioactive [[technetium]] and injected, as a way to image bone and detect bone disease.