Editing Bolt action (section)

====Lee–Enfield====
{{Main|Lee–Enfield}}
[[Image:SMLEAction.jpg|thumb|Close-up of the action on an SMLE Mk III rifle, showing the bolt head, magazine cut off, and [[stripper clip|charger clip]] guide.]]
The Lee–Enfield bolt-action system was introduced in 1889 with the [[Lee–Metford]] and later [[Lee–Enfield rifle]]s (the bolt system is named after the designer [[James Paris Lee]] and the barrel [[rifling]] after the [[Royal Small Arms Factory]] in the [[London Borough of Enfield]]), and is a "cock on closing" action in which the forward thrust of the bolt cocks the action. This enables a shooter to keep eyes on sights and targets uninterrupted when cycling the bolt. The ability of the bolt to flex between the lugs and chamber, which also keeps the shooter safer in case of a catastrophic chamber overpressure failure. 

The disadvantage of the rearward-located bolt lugs is that a larger part of the receiver, between chamber and lugs, must be made stronger and heavier to resist stretching forces. Also, the bolt ahead of the lugs may flex on firing which, although a safety advantage with repeated firing over time, this may lead to a stretched receiver and excessive headspacing, which if perceived as a problem can be remedied by changing the removable bolt head to a larger sized one (the Lee–Enfield bolt manufacture involved a mass production method where at final assembly the bolt body was fitted with one of three standard size bolt heads for correct [[Headspace (firearms)|headspace]]). In the years leading up to World War II, the Lee–Enfield bolt system was used in numerous commercial sporting and hunting rifles manufactured by such firms in the United Kingdom as BSA, LSA, and Parker–Hale, as well as by SAF Lithgow in Australia. Vast numbers of ex-military SMLE Mk III rifles were [[sporterised]] post WWII to create cheap, effective hunting rifles, and the Lee–Enfield bolt system is used in the M10 and No 4 Mk IV rifles manufactured by Australian International Arms. Rifle Factory Ishapore of India manufactures a hunting and sporting rifle chambered in .315 which also employs the Lee Enfield action.<ref name="rfi.gov.in">{{cite web | website=rfi.gov.in | url=http://rfi.gov.in/booking/prod/315_Sporting.htm | access-date=12 April 2021 | title=.315" Sporting Rifle }}</ref>

*Lee–Enfield (all marks and models)
*[[Rifle 7.62mm 2A1|Ishapore 2A1]]
*Various hunting/sporting rifles manufactured by [[Birmingham Small Arms Company|BSA]], [[London Small Arms Co. Ltd|LSA]], SAF Lithgow, and [[Parker Hale]]
*Australian International Arms M10 and No 4 Mk IV hunting/sporting rifles
*Rifle Factory Ishapore's hunting Lee Enfield rifle in .315