Editing Brewing (section)

===Lautering===
[[File:Brasserie Ratz - 20140926 - Cuve à mélanger.jpg|thumb|Lauter tun]]
{{Main|Lautering}}

Lautering is the separation of the [[wort]] (the liquid containing the sugar extracted during mashing) from the grains.<ref name="Hui Smith">{{Cite book |author1=Yiu H. Hui |author2=J. Scott Smith |title=Food Processing: Principles and Applications |publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]] |date=2004 |isbn=978-0-8138-1942-6}}</ref> This is done either in a mash tun outfitted with a false bottom, in a lauter tun, or in a mash filter. Most separation processes have two stages: first wort run-off, during which the extract is separated in an undiluted state from the spent grains, and [[Lautering#Sparging|sparging]], in which extract which remains with the grains is rinsed off with hot water. The lauter tun is a tank with holes in the bottom small enough to hold back the large bits of grist and hulls (the ground or milled cereal).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.beer-brewing.com/beer-brewing/wort_separation/lauter_tun.htm |title=Lauter Tun Use in Brewing Beer |publisher=beer-brewing.com |access-date=31 March 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100411074046/http://www.beer-brewing.com/beer-brewing/wort_separation/lauter_tun.htm |archive-date=11 April 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The bed of grist that settles on it is the actual filter. Some lauter tuns have provision for rotating [[mash rake|rakes]] or knives to cut into the bed of grist to maintain good flow. The knives can be turned so they push the grain, a feature used to drive the spent grain out of the vessel.<ref>{{cite book |author=T. Goldhammer |date=2008 |title=The Brewer's Handbook, 2nd edition |publisher=Apex |isbn=978-0-9675212-3-7| page=181}}</ref> The mash filter is a plate-and-frame filter. The empty frames contain the mash, including the spent grains, and have a capacity of around one hectoliter. The plates contain a support structure for the filter cloth. The plates, frames, and filter cloths are arranged in a carrier frame like so: frame, cloth, plate, cloth, with plates at each end of the structure. Newer mash filters have bladders that can press the liquid out of the grains between spargings. The grain does not act like a filtration medium in a mash filter.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.beer-brewing.com/beer-brewing/wort_separation/mash_filters.htm |title=Mash Filter Use in Brewing Beer |publisher=beer-brewing.com |access-date=31 March 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090617230127/http://www.beer-brewing.com/beer-brewing/wort_separation/mash_filters.htm |archive-date=17 June 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref>