Editing Bulk carrier (section)

====Categories as per regions====
Categories occur in [[Intra Regional Trade|regional trade]], such as Kamsarmax,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tsuneishi.co.jp/tess/factbook.html |title=Kamsarmax 82BC |access-date=2007-04-12 |work=Tsuneishi Corp. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070706233111/http://www.tsuneishi.co.jp/tess/factbook.html |archive-date=6 July 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Seawaymax]], Setouchmax, Dunkirkmax, and Newcastlemax also appear in regional trade.<ref name="mand"/>
* "'''Kamsarmax": '''Maximum [[length overall]] 229 meters refers to a new type of ship, larger than [[panamax]], that is suitable for berthing at the [[Kamsar|Port of Kamsar]] ([[Guinea|Republic of Guinea]]), where the major loading terminal of [[bauxite]] is restricted to vessels not more than 229 meters.<ref>Kamsarmax, ''[[Definition, World Shipping Directory]] (accessed August) 2013''</ref>
* '''"Newcastlemax"''': Maximum beam 50 meters, and maximum length overall of 300 meters Refers to the largest vessel able to enter the [[port of Newcastle]], Australia at about 185,000 DWT<ref>Steve's Guide to Bulk Carriers ''(Accessed August 2013), Harris, Steve, [www.stevesmaritime.com''</ref>
* '''"Setouchmax'''": About 203,000 [[Deadweight tonnage|DWT]], being the largest vessels able to navigate the [[Setouchi Sea]], Japan
* '''"Seawaymax"''': [[Length overall|LOA]] 226 m max /  7.92 m draft. Refers to the largest vessel that can pass through the canal locks of the [[St. Lawrence Seaway]] (Great Lakes, Canada)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://shiptradehouse.com/en/seawaymax |title=Seawaymax |access-date=11 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701020039/http://shiptradehouse.com/en/seawaymax |archive-date=1 July 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* '''"Malaccamax"''': LOA 330 m / 20 m draft / 300,000 DWT, Refers to the largest vessel that can pass through the [[Straits of Malacca]].
* '''"Dunkirkmax"''': Maximum allowable [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] = 45 m / LOA 289 m. max (175,000 DWT approx) for the eastern harbour [[Lock gate|lock]] in the Port of [[Dunkirk]] (France)

Mini-bulk carriers are prevalent in the category of small vessels with a capacity of under {{DWT|10,000}}. Mini-bulk carriers carry from 500 to 2,500&nbsp;tons, have a single hold, and are designed for [[river]] transport. They are often built to be able to pass under [[bridge]]s and have small crews of three to eight people.

Handysize and Handymax ships are general purpose in nature.<ref name="SNAME">Lamb, 2003.</ref> These two segments represent 71% of all bulk carriers over {{DWT|10,000}} and also have the highest rate of growth.<ref name="NA 0106">{{cite journal
 |date=January 2006
 | title = Handysize re-vamp: the next move in bulk carriers?
 | journal =The Naval Architect
 }}</ref> This is partly due to new regulations coming into effect which put greater constraints on the building of larger vessels.<ref name="NA 0106"/> Handymax ships are typically 150–200&nbsp;m in length and 52,000{{spaced ndash}}{{DWT|58,000}} with five cargo holds and four cranes.<ref name="SNAME"/> These ships are also general purpose in nature.<ref name="SNAME"/>

The size of a Panamax vessel is limited by the [[Panama Canal Locks|Panama canal's lock chambers]], which can accommodate ships with a beam of up to 32.31&nbsp;m, a length overall of up to 294.13&nbsp;m, and a draft of up to 12.04&nbsp;m.<ref>Autoridad del Canal de Panamá 2005, pp. 11{{spaced ndash}}12.</ref>

Capesize ships are too large to traverse the Panama canal and must round [[Cape Horn]] to travel between the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Earlier, Capesize ships could not traverse the [[Suez Canal|Suez]] and needed to go around the [[Cape of Good Hope]]. Recent deepening of the Suez canal to 66&nbsp;ft (20&nbsp;m) permits most Capesize ships to pass through it.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://af.reuters.com/article/idAFJOE66P09P20100726 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119101337/http://af.reuters.com/article/idAFJOE66P09P20100726 |url-status=dead |archive-date=19 January 2012 |title=Egypt's Suez canal H1 revenue, traffic up; upgrade helps |date=26 July 2010 |work=Reuters Africa |publisher= Thomson Reuters (af.reuters.com) |access-date=26 March 2011}}</ref>

Capesize bulk carriers are specialized: 93% of their cargo is iron ore and coal.<ref name="SNAME"/> Some ships on the [[Great Lakes Waterway]] exceed Panamax dimensions but they are limited to use on the Great Lakes as they cannot pass through the smaller [[St. Lawrence Seaway]] to the ocean. Very large ore carriers and very large bulk carriers are a subset of the capesize category reserved for vessels over {{DWT|200,000}}.<ref name="mand"/> Carriers of this size are almost always designed to carry iron ore.<ref name="mand"/>

In October 2022, Mitsui O.S.K. Lines (MOL)'s bulk carrier ''Shofu Maru'' arrived in [[Newcastle, New South Wales|Newcastle]] on its maiden voyage, becoming the first bulk carrier to be partially powered by hard sail wind power propulsion technology. A five percent fuel savings was anticipated.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tamim |first=Baba |date=2022-10-28 |title='Wind Challenger': World's first partially wind-powered cargo ship successfully sailed |url=https://interestingengineering.com/transportation/worlds-first-wind-powered-cargo-carrier |access-date=2022-11-01 |website=interestingengineering.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

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